R Samuel McLaughlin Foundation-Exercise & Pregnancy Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011 Jun;43(6):951-8. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182051155.
Women who are unable to return to a healthy weight by 6 months postpartum increase their risk factors for the development of chronic disease (CD; including metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cardiovascular disease). In a prospective randomized intervention study, we examined the effect of exercise intensity on risk factors for CD in the postpartum. We hypothesized that women receiving an intervention targeting healthy weight loss would have improved CD risk factors compared with women not receiving the intervention. Further, we hypothesized that nutrition control and moderate-intensity exercise would have the greatest improvement in CD risk factors versus low-intensity exercise.
Women were randomly assigned to a nutrition plus low-intensity (30% HR reserve; n = 20) or moderate-intensity (70% HR reserve; n = 20) exercise intervention group. The program consisted of supervised walking for 45 min, three to four times per week for 16 wk. All women were screened for CD at the beginning (7-8 wk postpartum) and at the end (23-25 wk postpartum) of the study. A historical control group of 20 sedentary postpartum women was matched by body mass index, age, and parity.
The low- and moderate-intensity groups lost more body mass (-4.2 ± 4.0 and -5.0 ± 2.9 kg, respectively) compared with the control group (-0.1 ± 3.3 kg, P < 0.01). Plasma low-density lipoprotein was reduced for the low- and moderate-intensity groups (-0.29 ± 0.21 and -0.28 ± 0.17 mmol · L) compared with the control group (0.03 ± 0.18 mmol · L, P = 0.015). In addition, glucose concentrations were reduced and adiponectin concentrations increased (P = 0.037), regardless of exercise intensity, although the sedentary controls remained unchanged or at increased risk for CD.
Women receiving a postpartum intervention targeting healthy weight loss, regardless of exercise intensity, improved CD risk factors compared with women not receiving the intervention.
产后 6 个月仍无法恢复健康体重的女性会增加罹患慢性疾病（CD；包括代谢综合征、肥胖和心血管疾病）的风险因素。在一项前瞻性随机干预研究中，我们研究了运动强度对产后 CD 风险因素的影响。我们假设，接受以健康减肥为目标的干预的女性与未接受干预的女性相比，CD 的风险因素会有所改善。此外，我们假设营养控制和中等强度运动对 CD 风险因素的改善程度要大于低强度运动。
将女性随机分配到营养加低强度（30%HR 储备；n=20）或中等强度（70%HR 储备；n=20）运动干预组。该方案包括 45 分钟的监督步行，每周 3 到 4 次，共 16 周。所有女性在研究开始时（产后 7-8 周）和结束时（产后 23-25 周）都接受了 CD 的筛查。一个由 20 名久坐不动的产后女性组成的历史对照组，按照体重指数、年龄和产次进行匹配。
低强度和中等强度组的体重减轻量（分别为-4.2±4.0kg 和-5.0±2.9kg）比对照组（-0.1±3.3kg）多（P<0.01）。与对照组（0.03±0.18mmol·L）相比，低强度和中等强度组的血浆低密度脂蛋白降低（分别为-0.29±0.21mmol·L 和-0.28±0.17mmol·L，P=0.015）。此外，无论运动强度如何，葡萄糖浓度降低，脂联素浓度升高（P=0.037），尽管久坐不动的对照组没有变化或 CD 的风险增加。
接受产后以健康减肥为目标的干预的女性，无论运动强度如何，与未接受干预的女性相比，CD 的风险因素都有所改善。
