Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Prof. Albareda 1, Granada, Spain.
Environ Microbiol. 2011 May;13(5):1115-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02383.x. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
Bacterial taxis is one of the most investigated signal transduction mechanisms. Studies of taxis have primarily used Escherichia coli and Salmonella as model organism. However, more recent studies of other bacterial species revealed a significant diversity in the chemotaxis mechanisms which are reviewed here. Differences include the genomic abundance, size and topology of chemoreceptors, the mode of signal binding, the presence of additional cytoplasmic signal transduction proteins or the motor mechanism. This diversity of chemotactic mechanisms is partly due to the diverse nature of input signals. However, the physiological reasons for the majority of differences in the taxis systems are poorly understood and its elucidation represents a major research need.
细菌趋化性是研究最为深入的信号转导机制之一。趋化性的研究主要以大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌作为模式生物。然而，最近对其他细菌物种的研究揭示了趋化机制的显著多样性，本文对此进行了综述。这些差异包括趋化受体的基因组丰度、大小和拓扑结构、信号结合方式、是否存在额外的细胞质信号转导蛋白或运动机制。趋化机制的这种多样性部分归因于输入信号的多样性。然而，大多数趋化系统差异的生理原因尚不清楚，阐明这些原因是一项重大的研究需求。
