Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 16, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 16, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2018 Oct;45:22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2018.02.002. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
Motile bacteria use chemotaxis to migrate towards environments that are favorable for growth and survival. The signaling pathway that mediates this behavior is largely conserved among prokaryotes, with Escherichia coli chemotaxis system being one of the simplest and the best studied. At the core of this pathway are the arrays of clustered chemoreceptors that detect, amplify and integrate various stimuli. Recent work provided deeper understanding of spatial organization and signal processing by these clusters and uncovered the variety of sensory mechanisms used to detect environmental stimuli. Moreover, studies of bacteria with different lifestyles have led to new insights into the diversity and evolutionary conservation of the chemotaxis pathway, as well as the physiological relevance of chemotactic behavior in different environments.
运动细菌利用化学趋性向有利于生长和生存的环境迁移。介导这种行为的信号通路在原核生物中基本保守，其中大肠杆菌化学趋性系统是最简单和研究最多的系统之一。该通路的核心是簇集的化学感受器阵列，这些感受器可以检测、放大和整合各种刺激。最近的工作深入了解了这些簇集的空间组织和信号处理，并揭示了用于检测环境刺激的各种感觉机制。此外，对具有不同生活方式的细菌的研究，使人们对化学趋性途径的多样性和进化保守性，以及在不同环境中化学趋性行为的生理相关性有了新的认识。
