Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2010 Oct;60(10):1245-55.
Real-world particulate emission measurements usually include a fresh nanoparticle mode called the nucleation mode. The formation of the nucleation mode during mixing, dilution, and cooling of diesel exhaust is discussed based on existing experimental and modeling data. The further evolution of the nucleation mode and the local dilution ratio within the vehicle exhaust is reviewed. The nucleation mode forms at low dilution ratios (< or = 10) and is fully formed at the dilution ratio of approximately 100. The findings of the studies comparing real-world and dynamometer measurements are reviewed. A qualitative agreement of nucleation mode formation is generally observed. The geometric mean diameter of the nucleation mode, measured on-road, is well reproduced in the laboratory. However, the number concentration of the nucleation mode is too low in the laboratory (by a factor of 2-10). Nevertheless, the trends are reproduced, including those caused by differences in vehicle speed and engine load, engine and aftertreatment technology, as well as fuel and lubricant composition.
实际颗粒物排放测量通常包括一种新的纳米颗粒模式，称为成核模式。基于现有的实验和建模数据，讨论了柴油机排气在混合、稀释和冷却过程中成核模式的形成。进一步综述了成核模式的演变以及车辆排气内的局部稀释比。成核模式在低稀释比（≤10）下形成，并在大约 100 的稀释比下完全形成。综述了比较实际测量和测功机测量的研究结果。通常观察到成核模式形成的定性一致性。在道路上测量的成核模式的几何平均直径在实验室中得到了很好的再现。然而，在实验室中，成核模式的数浓度太低（低 2-10 倍）。尽管如此，还是再现了这些趋势，包括由于车速和发动机负荷、发动机和后处理技术以及燃料和润滑剂组成的差异引起的趋势。
