Clinic for Periodontology Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Aug;22(8):779-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02064.x. Epub 2010 Nov 22.
To assess, based on the existing literature, the benefit of socket preservation therapies in patients with a tooth extraction in the anterior or premolar region as compared with no additional treatment with respect to bone level.
MEDLINE-PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials (CENTRAL) were searched till June 2010 for appropriate studies, which reported data concerning the dimensional changes in alveolar height and width after tooth extraction with or without additional treatment like bonefillers, collagen, growth factors or membranes.
Independent screening of the titles and abstracts of 1918 MEDLINE-PubMed and 163 Cochrane papers resulted in nine publications that met the eligibility criteria. In natural healing after extraction, a reduction in width ranging between 2.6 and 4.6 mm and in height between 0.4 and 3.9 mm was observed. With respect to socket preservation, the freeze-dried bone allograft group performed best with a gain in height, however, concurrent with a loss in width of 1.2 mm.
Data concerning socket preservation therapies in humans are scarce, which does not allow any firm conclusions. Socket preservation may aid in reducing the bone dimensional changes following tooth extraction. However, they do not prevent bone resorption because, depending on the technique, on the basis of the included papers one may still expect a loss in width and in height.
根据现有文献评估在拔牙前牙或前磨牙区进行牙槽窝保存治疗与不进行任何额外治疗（如骨填充物、胶原、生长因子或膜）相比对牙槽骨水平的益处。
截至 2010 年 6 月，通过 MEDLINE-PubMed 和 Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库（CENTRAL）搜索了相关研究，这些研究报告了拔牙后牙槽高度和宽度的变化数据，包括有无额外的治疗，如骨填充物、胶原、生长因子或膜。
对 1918 篇 MEDLINE-PubMed 和 163 篇 Cochrane 论文的标题和摘要进行独立筛选后，有 9 篇符合入选标准的论文。在自然愈合后，观察到宽度减少 2.6 至 4.6 毫米，高度减少 0.4 至 3.9 毫米。关于牙槽窝保存，冻干骨同种异体移植物组在高度上的获益最大，但同时宽度损失 1.2 毫米。
关于人类牙槽窝保存治疗的数据很少，无法得出任何确定的结论。牙槽窝保存可能有助于减少拔牙后牙槽骨的尺寸变化。然而，它们并不能防止骨吸收，因为根据所包括的论文，基于所采用的技术，仍可能会出现宽度和高度的损失。
