First Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
Vet Parasitol. 2011 Feb 28;176(1):74-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.10.048. Epub 2010 Oct 30.
The current study examined the prevalence of intestinal parasites and genotypes of Giardia intestinalis in puppies from nine pet shops in east Japan. Fresh fecal samples from 1794 puppies (≦3 months old) were collected on one occasion. Giardia spp. was examined for specific coproantigen using ELISA kit (SNAP®Giardia, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., USA). Other intestinal parasites were detected microscopically using the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation technique. Genotyping was determined for the random 29 stool samples identified as Giardia spp. positive using PCR and direct sequencing of the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) gene. Overall prevalence of protozoan Giardia spp. and Cystoisospora spp. revealed 23.4% and 11.3%, respectively. Prevalence of ascarids, Strongyloides spp. and hookworms were recorded 1.8%, 1.1% and 0.1%, respectively. Protozoan Giardia spp. and Cystoisospora spp., thus, represent important pathogens among pet shop puppies. All genotyped G. intestinalis isolates were belonged to assemblage C or D, identified as dog-specific genotypes. Zoonotic assemblage A and B were not demonstrated. The result suggests that the risk of zoonotic transmission of G. intestinalis from pet shops puppies to humans may be quite low in Japan.
本研究调查了日本东部 9 家宠物店的幼犬肠道寄生虫和贾第虫属基因型的流行情况。从 1794 只幼犬（≦3 个月大）采集了一次新鲜粪便样本。使用 ELISA 试剂盒（SNAP®Giardia，IDEXX Laboratories，Inc.，美国）检测特定的粪抗原。使用福尔马林-乙酸乙酯沉淀技术通过显微镜检测其他肠道寄生虫。使用 PCR 和直接测序谷氨酸脱氢酶（gdh）基因对随机选择的 29 份粪便样本进行了基因分型，这些样本被确定为贾第虫属阳性。原生动物贾第虫属和隐孢子虫的总流行率分别为 23.4%和 11.3%。蛔虫、类圆线虫和钩虫的流行率分别为 1.8%、1.1%和 0.1%。因此，贾第虫属和隐孢子虫属是宠物店幼犬中的重要病原体。所有基因分型的肠道贾第虫属分离株均属于 C 或 D 组合，鉴定为犬特异性基因型。未显示出动物源组合 A 和 B。结果表明，从宠物店幼犬向人类传播肠道贾第虫属的人畜共患病风险在日本可能相当低。
