Schär Fabian, Inpankaew Tawin, Traub Rebecca J, Khieu Virak, Dalsgaard Anders, Chimnoi Wissanuwat, Chhoun Chamnan, Sok Daream, Marti Hanspeter, Muth Sinuon, Odermatt Peter
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Parasitol Int. 2014 Aug;63(4):597-603. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2014.03.007. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
In Cambodia, intestinal parasitic infections are prevalent in humans and particularly in children. Yet, information on potentially zoonotic parasites in animal reservoir hosts is lacking. In May 2012, faecal samples from 218 humans, 94 dogs and 76 pigs were collected from 67 households in Dong village, Preah Vihear province, Cambodia. Faecal samples were examined microscopically using sodium nitrate and zinc sulphate flotation methods, the Baermann method, Koga Agar plate culture, formalin-ether concentration technique and Kato Katz technique. PCR was used to confirm hookworm, Ascaris spp., Giardia spp. and Blastocystis spp. Major gastrointestinal parasitic infections found in humans included hookworms (63.3%), Entamoeba spp. (27.1%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (24.3%). In dogs, hookworm (80.8%), Spirometra spp. (21.3%) and Strongyloides spp. (14.9%) were most commonly detected and in pigs Isospora suis (75.0%), Oesophagostomum spp. (73.7%) and Entamoeba spp. (31.6%) were found. Eleven parasite species were detected in dogs (eight helminths and three protozoa), seven of which have zoonotic potential, including hookworm, Strongyloides spp., Trichuris spp., Toxocara canis, Echinostoma spp., Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba spp. Five of the parasite species detected in pigs also have zoonotic potential, including Ascaris spp., Trichuris spp., Capillaria spp., Balantidium coli and Entamoeba spp. Further molecular epidemiological studies will aid characterisation of parasite species and genotypes and allow further insight into the potential for zoonotic cross transmission of parasites in this community.
在柬埔寨，肠道寄生虫感染在人群中普遍存在，尤其是儿童。然而，关于动物储存宿主中潜在人畜共患寄生虫的信息却很缺乏。2012年5月，从柬埔寨柏威夏省栋村的67户家庭中收集了218份人类、94份犬类和76份猪的粪便样本。粪便样本采用硝酸钠和硫酸锌浮选法、贝尔曼法、小贺琼脂平板培养法、福尔马林-乙醚浓缩技术和加藤厚涂片法进行显微镜检查。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）来确认钩虫、蛔虫属、贾第虫属和芽囊原虫属。在人类中发现的主要胃肠道寄生虫感染包括钩虫（63.3%）、内阿米巴属（27.1%）和粪类圆线虫（24.3%）。在犬类中，最常检测到的是钩虫（80.8%）、裂头绦虫属（21.3%）和类圆线虫属（14.9%），在猪中发现了猪等孢球虫（75.0%）、食道口线虫属（73.7%）和内阿米巴属（31.6%）。在犬类中检测到11种寄生虫（8种蠕虫和3种原生动物），其中7种具有人畜共患潜力，包括钩虫、类圆线虫属、鞭虫属、犬弓首蛔虫、棘口吸虫属、十二指肠贾第虫和内阿米巴属。在猪中检测到的5种寄生虫也具有人畜共患潜力，包括蛔虫属、鞭虫属、毛细线虫属、结肠小袋纤毛虫和内阿米巴属。进一步的分子流行病学研究将有助于寄生虫种类和基因型的鉴定，并能进一步深入了解该社区寄生虫人畜共患交叉传播的可能性。
