Department of Internal Medicine II, HSK Wiesbaden, Ludwig-Erhard-Strasse 100, 65199 Wiesbaden, Germany.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2010 Dec;39(4):797-806. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2010.08.024. Epub 2010 Oct 8.
Nowadays, 5 nonsurgical flexible endoscopic techniques are available for small bowel endoscopy: push enteroscopy (PE), balloon-assisted enteroscopy using 2 balloons (double-balloon enteroscopy [DBE]) or 1 balloon (single-balloon enteroscopy [SBE]), balloon-guided enteroscopy (BGE), and spiral enteroscopy (SE). PE is a cost-saving, easy, and fast procedure for the examination of the proximal jejunum, but for a deep small bowel endoscopy, the other flexible enteroscopic techniques are required. BGE does not play a considerable role in deep small bowel endoscopy. DBE is the oldest flexible enteroscopic technique. Actually, the balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) techniques with one balloon (SBE) or two balloons (DBE) are the mainly used techniques. DBE has become established throughout the world for diagnostic and therapeutic examinations of the small bowel and is now used universally in clinical routine work. DBE is still regarded as the gold standard nonsurgical procedure for deep small bowel endoscopy, because it provides the highest rates of complete enteroscopy, which becomes increasingly useful. The recently introduced SE technique represents a promising method but still needs technical improvement. Larger prospective studies on SE and prospective studies comparing the 3 systems (DBE, SBE, SE) are awaited before conclusive assessments can be made.
目前，有 5 种非手术性的软性内镜技术可用于小肠内镜检查：推进式内镜检查术（PE）、使用 2 个球囊（双球囊内镜检查术 [DBE]）或 1 个球囊（单球囊内镜检查术 [SBE]）的气囊辅助式内镜检查术、气囊引导式内镜检查术（BGE）和螺旋式内镜检查术（SE）。PE 是一种经济、简便、快速的检查近端空肠的方法，但要进行深入的小肠内镜检查，则需要其他软性内镜技术。BGE 在深入的小肠内镜检查中作用不大。DBE 是最早的软性内镜技术。实际上，单球囊（SBE）或双球囊（DBE）的气囊辅助式内镜检查技术是主要使用的技术。DBE 已经在全世界范围内成为诊断和治疗小肠疾病的标准方法，并且现在已经普遍应用于临床常规工作中。DBE 仍然被认为是深入的小肠内镜检查的非手术金标准程序，因为它提供了最高的完整内镜检查率，这变得越来越有用。最近引入的 SE 技术是一种很有前途的方法，但仍需要技术改进。在能够做出明确评估之前，还需要对 SE 进行更大规模的前瞻性研究，并对这 3 种系统（DBE、SBE、SE）进行前瞻性比较研究。
