Transport Canada, 275 Slater, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0N5.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 Jan;43(1):451-60. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.10.001. Epub 2010 Oct 30.
Electronic Stability Control (ESC) is a crash avoidance system found on many vehicles. Unlike air bags, which only help during a collision, ESC helps to avoid a loss of control that could lead to a collision by preventing skidding. ESC is designed to help the driver stay in control of the vehicle during an emergency manoeuvre, such as when the driver needs to swerve to avoid an obstacle. Our study is an effectiveness evaluation of ESC using crash data. The purpose of a Canadian evaluation study is to examine whether there is an issue with multi-vehicle crashes, and whether ESC is effective in Canadian weather conditions, i.e. on ice, snow and slush. Our results show that ESC is effective for all ESC-sensitive crashes (41.1% effectiveness) and its effectiveness is higher for ESC-sensitive injury crashes only (54.8% effectiveness). In particular, ESC is effective in the case of all multi-vehicle ESC-sensitive crashes (23.2% effectiveness) and of multi-vehicle ESC-sensitive injury crashes (28.4% effectiveness). ESC is also effective for single-vehicle ESC-sensitive crashes, both for all severities of crashes (18.6% effectiveness) and injury crashes only (49.3% effectiveness). The results of the study also show that ESC is effective in Canadian weather conditions (i.e. on ice, snow and slush). The effectiveness of ESC on roads covered with ice, snow and slush is 51.1% for ESC-sensitive crashes of all severities and 71.1% for ESC-sensitive injury crashes. ESC is also effective on dry roads (36.3% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive crashes of all severities and 46.6% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive injury crashes), wet roads (35.8% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive crashes of all severities and 49.5% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive injury crashes) and for both cars (28.5% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive crashes of all severities and 43.7% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive injury crashes) and LTVs (51.9% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive crashes of all severities and 69.6% effectiveness for ESC-sensitive injury crashes).
电子稳定控制系统 (ESC) 是许多车辆上的一种避撞系统。与仅在碰撞时提供帮助的安全气囊不同，ESC 通过防止打滑来帮助避免可能导致碰撞的失控。ESC 的设计目的是帮助驾驶员在紧急操作期间保持对车辆的控制，例如驾驶员需要转向以避开障碍物。我们的研究是使用碰撞数据对 ESC 的有效性进行评估。加拿大评估研究的目的是检查多车碰撞是否存在问题，以及 ESC 在加拿大的天气条件下（即在冰、雪和泥泞上）是否有效。我们的结果表明，ESC 对所有 ESC 敏感碰撞（41.1%的有效性）都是有效的，并且对于 ESC 敏感伤害碰撞（54.8%的有效性）其有效性更高。特别是，ESC 在所有多车 ESC 敏感碰撞（23.2%的有效性）和多车 ESC 敏感伤害碰撞（28.4%的有效性）中都是有效的。ESC 对单辆 ESC 敏感碰撞也有效，无论是所有严重程度的碰撞（18.6%的有效性）还是仅伤害碰撞（49.3%的有效性）。研究结果还表明，ESC 在加拿大的天气条件下（即在冰、雪和泥泞上）是有效的。ESC 在覆盖有冰、雪和泥泞的道路上的有效性为所有严重程度的 ESC 敏感碰撞为 51.1%，ESC 敏感伤害碰撞为 71.1%。ESC 在干燥道路上也有效（所有严重程度的 ESC 敏感碰撞为 36.3%，ESC 敏感伤害碰撞为 46.6%），湿滑道路上（所有严重程度的 ESC 敏感碰撞为 35.8%，ESC 敏感伤害碰撞为 49.5%），以及汽车（所有严重程度的 ESC 敏感碰撞为 28.5%，ESC 敏感伤害碰撞为 43.7%）和 LTV（所有严重程度的 ESC 敏感碰撞为 51.9%，ESC 敏感伤害碰撞为 69.6%）。
