Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Semin Perinatol. 2010 Dec;34(6):416-25. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2010.09.004.
An estimated one million newborns die from infections in developing countries. Despite the huge burden, high-quality data from community-based epidemiologic studies on etiology, risk factors, and appropriate management are lacking from areas in which newborns experience the greatest mortality. Several planned and ongoing studies in South Asia and Africa promise to address the knowledge gaps. However, simple and low-cost interventions, such as community-based neonatal care packages supporting clean birth practices, early detection of illness through use of clinical algorithms, and home-based antibiotic therapy in areas in which hospitalization is not feasible are already available and have the potential to bring about a drastic reduction in global neonatal mortality due to infections if they are scaled up to national level. Concerted collaborative action by national governments, health professionals, civil society organizations, and international health agencies is required to reduce neonatal mortality due to infections.
据估计，发展中国家有 100 万新生儿死于感染。尽管负担巨大，但在新生儿死亡率最高的地区，仍然缺乏基于社区的流行病学研究来提供有关病因、风险因素和适当管理的高质量数据。南亚和非洲的几项计划中的和正在进行的研究有望解决知识空白。然而，一些简单且低成本的干预措施已经存在，例如支持清洁分娩实践的基于社区的新生儿护理包、通过使用临床算法及早发现疾病，以及在无法住院的地区进行家庭抗生素治疗。如果这些措施在国家层面得到推广，那么它们有可能大幅降低全球因感染导致的新生儿死亡率。需要国家政府、卫生专业人员、民间社会组织和国际卫生机构共同采取协作行动，以降低因感染导致的新生儿死亡率。
