Division of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2011 Feb;31(1):69-79. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2010.09.002.
The stress response influences the immune system, and studies in laboratory animals indicate that the response to stress significantly reduces resistance to infectious challenge. Only a few studies, however, have determined the impact of the stress response on human susceptibility to infectious challenge due, in part, to the difficulties of using live, replicating pathogens in human research. As a result, many studies have assessed the immune response to vaccination as a surrogate for the immune response to an infectious challenge. Thus, much is known about how the stress response influences adaptive immunity, and memory responses, to vaccination. These studies have yielded data concerning the interactions of the nervous and immune systems and have provided important information for clinicians administering vaccines to susceptible populations. This review provides a brief overview of the immune response to commonly used vaccines and the impact that stress can have on vaccine-specific immunity.
应激反应会影响免疫系统，实验室动物研究表明，应激反应会显著降低对感染性挑战的抵抗力。然而，由于在人类研究中使用活的、复制的病原体存在困难，只有少数研究确定了应激反应对人类易感性的影响。因此，许多研究评估了疫苗接种后的免疫反应作为对感染性挑战的免疫反应的替代物。因此，人们对应激反应如何影响适应性免疫和疫苗接种的记忆反应有了很多了解。这些研究提供了有关神经系统和免疫系统相互作用的数据，并为临床医生向易感人群接种疫苗提供了重要信息。这篇综述简要概述了常用疫苗的免疫反应以及应激对疫苗特异性免疫的影响。
