State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/Tianshan Glaciological Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Sep;180(1-4):409-26. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1796-6. Epub 2010 Nov 25.
Aerosol samples were collected during the scientific expedition to Mt. Bogda in July-August, 2009. The major inorganic ions (Na( + ), NH⁺₄, K( + ), Mg(2 + ), Ca(2 + ), Cl( - ), SO²⁻₄, and NO⁻₃) of the aerosols were determined by ion chromatography. SO²⁻₄, NO⁻₃, and Ca(2 + ) were the dominate ions, with the mean concentrations of 0.86, 0.56, and 0.28 μg m⁻³, respectively. These mean ion concentrations were generally comparable with the background conditions in remote site of Xinjiang, while much lower than those in Ürümqi. Morphology and elemental compositions of 1,500 particles were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Based on the morphology and elemental compositions, particles were classed into four major groups: soot (15.1%), fly ash (4.7%), mineral particles (78.9%), and little other matters (0.8% Fe-rich particles and 0.5% unrecognized particles). Presence of soot and fly ash particles indicated the influence of anthropogenic pollutions, while abundance mineral particles suggested that natural processes were the primary source of aerosols over this region, coinciding with the ionic analysis. Backward air mass trajectory analysis suggested that Ürümqi may contribute some anthropogenic pollution to this region, while the arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia were the primary source.
气溶胶样品于 2009 年 7 月至 8 月在博格达山科学考察期间采集。气溶胶中的主要无机离子（Na( + )、NH⁺₄、K( + )、Mg(2 + )、Ca(2 + )、Cl( - )、SO²⁻₄和 NO⁻₃）通过离子色谱法测定。SO²⁻₄、NO⁻₃和 Ca(2 + )是主要离子，其平均浓度分别为 0.86、0.56 和 0.28μg m⁻³。这些平均离子浓度与新疆偏远地区的背景条件相当，但远低于乌鲁木齐的水平。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜（配备能量色散 X 射线光谱仪）对 1500 个颗粒的形貌和元素组成进行了测定。根据形貌和元素组成，将颗粒分为四大类：烟尘（15.1%）、飞灰（4.7%）、矿物质颗粒（78.9%）和少量其他物质（0.8%富铁颗粒和 0.5%未识别颗粒）。烟尘和飞灰颗粒的存在表明了人为污染的影响，而大量矿物质颗粒的存在表明，自然过程是该地区气溶胶的主要来源，这与离子分析结果一致。后向轨迹气团分析表明，乌鲁木齐可能会向该地区输送一些人为污染，而中亚干旱和半干旱地区则是气溶胶的主要源区。
