ESRC Centre for Research on Bilingualism in Theory and Practice, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK.
Brain Res. 2011 Jan 31;1371:100-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.11.053. Epub 2010 Nov 23.
Previous research has demonstrated that cross-language activation is present even when proficient bilinguals perform a task only in one language. The present study investigated the time-course of cross-language activation during word production in a second language (L2) by using a picture-word interference paradigm with event-related potentials (ERPs). Spanish-English bilinguals living in an L2 environment named pictures in their L2 English while ignoring L2 English distractor words that were visually presented with the pictures. Participants named pictures more slowly when distractors were semantically related or phonologically related to either the English name of the picture or the Spanish name of the picture than when picture and distractor word were unrelated. Interference was also detectable in the mean amplitude of the N2 peak (200-260 ms) and the N3 range (350-400 ms). The results suggest that lexical alternatives from both languages compete for selection in the process of L2 speech planning in a predominantly L2 context.
先前的研究表明，即使是熟练的双语者仅用一种语言执行任务，也会存在跨语言激活现象。本研究通过使用事件相关电位（ERP）的图片-词汇干扰范式，调查了第二语言（L2）词汇产生过程中的跨语言激活的时程。生活在 L2 环境中的西班牙语-英语双语者用 L2 英语命名图片，同时忽略与图片一起呈现的 L2 英语干扰词。当干扰词与图片的英语名称或西班牙语名称在语义上或语音上相关时，参与者命名图片的速度会更慢，而当图片和干扰词无关时，命名速度则更快。在 N2 峰（200-260ms）和 N3 范围（350-400ms）的平均振幅中也可以检测到干扰。结果表明，在以 L2 为主导的语境中进行 L2 言语规划的过程中，来自两种语言的词汇替代项相互竞争选择。
