Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Neuropsychologia. 2010 Apr;48(5):1426-37. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.01.010. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
The purpose of this investigation was to test the assumption of asymmetric mapping between words and concepts in bilingual memory as proposed by the Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM, Kroll & Stewart, 1994). Twenty four Spanish-English bilinguals (experiment 1) and twenty English-Spanish bilinguals (experiment 2) were presented with pairs of words, one in English and one in Spanish, and asked to indicate whether or not the words had the same meaning. In half the trials the Spanish word preceded the English, and in the other half the English word preceded the Spanish. In each condition half of the words had the same meaning, and the experiment included both concrete and abstract word trials. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to examine lexical-semantic activation during word translation. As predicted, a direction-dependent translation asymmetry was observed in the magnitude of the N400 repetition effect. Specifically, the N400 effect was larger during backward translation (L2-L1) than during forward translation (L1-L2) in both groups of bilinguals. Results are considered in the context of different models of bilingual memory.
本研究旨在验证修订后的层级模型（RHM，Kroll & Stewart，1994）所提出的双语记忆中词与概念之间非对称映射的假设。24 名西班牙-英语双语者（实验 1）和 24 名英语-西班牙语双语者（实验 2）被呈现一对词，一个用英语，一个用西班牙语，并被要求指出这两个词是否有相同的意思。在一半的试验中，西班牙语词先于英语词出现，而在另一半试验中，英语词先于西班牙语词出现。在每种情况下，一半的词具有相同的含义，实验包括具体词和抽象词的试验。事件相关电位（ERP）用于检查词汇语义在单词翻译过程中的激活情况。正如预测的那样，在词汇量的 N400 重复效应的大小上观察到了一种依赖于方向的翻译不对称性。具体来说，在两个双语者群体中，后向翻译（L2-L1）的 N400 效应比前向翻译（L1-L2）大。研究结果在双语记忆的不同模型背景下进行了讨论。
