Araujo A, Ward O P
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
J Appl Bacteriol. 1990 Mar;68(3):253-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02572.x.
A range of Bacillus subtilis strains and other Bacillus species were screened for mannanase, beta-mannosidase and galactanase activities. Maximum mannanase activity, 106.2 units/ml, was produced by B. subtilis NRRL 356. beta-Mannosidase and galactanase activities from all strains were relatively low. The effect of carbon and nitrogen source on mannanase and galactanase production by B. brevis ATCC 8186, B. licheniformis ATCC 27811, B. polymyxa NRRL 842 and B. subtilis NRRL 356 was investigated. Highest mannanase production was observed in the four strains tested when the mannan substrate, locust bean gum, was used as carbon source. Induction was most dramatic in the case of B. subtilis NRRL 356 where only basal enzyme levels were produced in the presence of other carbon sources. beta-Mannosidase was induced in the four Bacillus cultures by locust bean gum. Results indicated that galactose acted as an inducer for production of galactanase. Organic and inorganic nitrogen sources resulted in induction of high mannanase titres in B. subtilis. Highest galactanase activity was produced by each organism in media containing sodium nitrate as nitrogen source. Mannanases from B. brevis, B. licheniformis, B. polymyxa and B. subtilis retained 100% residual activity after a 3 h incubation at 65 degrees C, 65 degrees C, 60 degrees C and 55 degrees C respectively. Galactanases retained more than 95% activity at 55 degrees C after 3 h. The pH optima of mannanases ranged from 6.5-6.8 whereas galactanases ranged from 5.1 in the case of B. brevis to 7.0 for B. polymyxa.
对一系列枯草芽孢杆菌菌株和其他芽孢杆菌属菌种进行了甘露聚糖酶、β-甘露糖苷酶和半乳聚糖酶活性的筛选。枯草芽孢杆菌NRRL 356产生的甘露聚糖酶活性最高，为106.2单位/毫升。所有菌株的β-甘露糖苷酶和半乳聚糖酶活性相对较低。研究了碳源和氮源对短短芽孢杆菌ATCC 8186、地衣芽孢杆菌ATCC 27811、多粘芽孢杆菌NRRL 842和枯草芽孢杆菌NRRL 356产生甘露聚糖酶和半乳聚糖酶的影响。当使用甘露聚糖底物刺槐豆胶作为碳源时，在所测试的四种菌株中观察到最高的甘露聚糖酶产量。在枯草芽孢杆菌NRRL 356的情况下，诱导作用最为显著，在存在其他碳源时仅产生基础酶水平。刺槐豆胶在四种芽孢杆菌培养物中诱导产生β-甘露糖苷酶。结果表明，半乳糖作为半乳聚糖酶产生的诱导剂。有机和无机氮源导致枯草芽孢杆菌中高甘露聚糖酶滴度的诱导。每种生物体在含有硝酸钠作为氮源的培养基中产生最高的半乳聚糖酶活性。短短芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、多粘芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的甘露聚糖酶在65℃、65℃、60℃和55℃分别孵育3小时后保留100%的残余活性。半乳聚糖酶在55℃孵育3小时后保留超过95%的活性。甘露聚糖酶的最适pH范围为6.5 - 6.8，而半乳聚糖酶的最适pH范围从短短芽孢杆菌的5.1到多粘芽孢杆菌的7.0。
