学校关闭对亚利桑那州学龄儿童流感发病率的影响。
Effect of school closure on the incidence of influenza among school-age children in Arizona.
机构信息
Evaluation Section, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Rep. 2010 Nov-Dec;125(6):851-9. doi: 10.1177/003335491012500612.
OBJECTIVE
We assessed the impact of school closures as a viable intervention in the event of an influenza pandemic.
METHODS
We evaluated the effect of scheduled, two-week winter break school closures during the 2004-2008 school years on the occurrence of influenza among children aged 5-17 years in Arizona.
RESULTS
We found a consistent pattern of benefit to school-age children during winter school closures when non-school-age children and adults experienced significant increases in influenza incidence, an increase not seen among school-age children. Quantitative analysis showed that school closures may prevent or delay as much as 42% of potential influenza cases among school-age children. In addition, the ratio of illness in school-age children as compared with adults and non-school-age children decreased significantly from before to during the same school closure periods.
CONCLUSION
This analysis provides evidence to suggest that school-age children may experience a slowing of influenza transmission during winter school closures compared with those not of school age. Federal, state, and local policy makers may consider these findings in their pandemic influenza and public health emergency preparedness planning efforts.
目的
我们评估了在流感大流行期间关闭学校作为可行干预措施的影响。
方法
我们评估了 2004-2008 学年期间安排的为期两周的冬季假期学校关闭对亚利桑那州 5-17 岁儿童中流感发生的影响。
结果
我们发现，当非学龄儿童和成年人的流感发病率显著增加时，冬季学校关闭对学龄儿童有一致的益处，而学龄儿童则没有这种情况。定量分析表明，学校关闭可能预防或延迟多达 42%的学龄儿童潜在流感病例。此外，与成年人和非学龄儿童相比，学龄儿童的疾病比例在同一学校关闭期间明显下降。
结论
这项分析提供的证据表明，与非学龄儿童相比，学龄儿童在冬季学校关闭期间可能会减缓流感传播。联邦、州和地方政策制定者在制定大流行性流感和公共卫生应急准备计划时可以考虑这些发现。
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