Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Culiacán, México.
J Appl Microbiol. 2011 Feb;110(2):463-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04901.x. Epub 2010 Dec 10.
To identify and quantify the presence of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, hepatitis A and norovirus in households and to assess the effect of chlorine and quaternary ammonium-based disinfectants following a prescribed use.
Eleven sites distributed in kitchen, bathroom, pet and children's areas of two groups of 30 homes each: (i) a nonprescribed disinfectant user group and (ii) a disinfectant protocol user group. During the 6-week study, samples were collected once a week except for week one when sample collection occurred immediately before and after disinfectant application to evaluate the disinfectant protocol. The concentration and occurrence of bacteria were less in the households with prescribed use of disinfectants. The greatest reductions were for E. coli (99%) and Staph. aureus (99·9999%), respectively. Only two samples were positive for HAV, while norovirus was absent. Disinfection protocols resulted in a significant (P < 0·05) microbial reduction in all areas of the homes tested compared to homes not using a prescribed protocol.
The study suggests that disinfectant product application under specific protocol is necessary to achieve greater microbial reductions.
Prescribed protocols constitute an important tool to reduce the occurrence of potential disease-causing micro-organisms in households.
鉴定并定量检测家庭中大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、甲型肝炎病毒和诺如病毒的存在情况，并评估按照规定使用含氯和季铵盐的消毒剂后的效果。
在两组各 30 户家庭的厨房、浴室、宠物和儿童区域的 11 个地点进行研究：（i）非处方消毒剂使用者组和（ii）消毒剂使用方案使用者组。在 6 周的研究期间，每周采集一次样本，但在第一周除外，因为在第一周，在应用消毒剂之前和之后立即采集样本，以评估消毒剂使用方案。在有规定使用消毒剂的家庭中，细菌的浓度和出现率较低。大肠杆菌（99%）和金黄色葡萄球菌（99·9999%）的减少幅度最大。只有两份样本甲型肝炎病毒呈阳性，而诺如病毒则不存在。与未使用规定方案的家庭相比，消毒方案使所有测试家庭的所有区域的微生物显著减少（P < 0·05）。
研究表明，在特定方案下使用消毒剂产品是实现更大微生物减少的必要条件。
规定的方案构成了减少家庭中潜在致病微生物发生的重要工具。
