Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Apr;105(8):1251-7. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510004782. Epub 2010 Dec 13.
Although several nutrients and foods are suggested to be preventive against postpartum depression, all previous studies have primarily focused on single nutrients or foods. In contrast, studies on dietary patterns, namely the measurement of overall diet by considering the cumulative effects of nutrient, may provide new insights into the influence of diet on postpartum depression. We prospectively examined the association between dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of postpartum depression among 865 Japanese women. Diet was assessed with a validated, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups (energy-adjusted food (g/d)) were extracted by factor analysis. Postpartum depression was defined as present when the subjects had an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of ≥ 9 at 2-9 months postpartum. A total of 121 women (14·0 %) were classified as having postpartum depression. Three dietary patterns were identified: 'Healthy', 'Western' and 'Japanese' patterns. After adjustment for potential confounders, neither the 'Healthy' nor the 'Japanese' pattern was related to the risk of postpartum depression. Compared with the first quartile of the 'Western' pattern, only the second quartile was independently related to a decreased risk of postpartum depression (multivariate OR 0·52, 95 % CI 0·30, 0·93), although no evident exposure-response associations were observed (P for trend = 0·36). The present study failed to substantiate clear associations between dietary patterns and the risk of postpartum depression. Further studies with more accurate measurements are warranted to confirm the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of postpartum depression.
虽然有几种营养素和食物被认为可以预防产后抑郁症，但之前的所有研究主要集中在单一的营养素或食物上。相比之下，饮食模式的研究，即通过考虑营养素的累积效应来衡量整体饮食，可能会为饮食对产后抑郁症的影响提供新的见解。我们前瞻性地研究了 865 名日本女性怀孕期间饮食模式与产后抑郁症风险之间的关系。饮食通过经过验证的自我管理饮食历史问卷进行评估。通过因子分析从 33 个预先定义的食物组（能量调整食物（g/d））中提取饮食模式。产后抑郁症的定义是，在产后 2-9 个月，受试者的爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分≥9。共有 121 名女性（14.0%）被归类为患有产后抑郁症。确定了三种饮食模式：“健康”、“西方”和“日本”模式。在调整潜在混杂因素后，“健康”或“日本”模式均与产后抑郁症风险无关。与“西方”模式的第一四分位数相比，只有第二四分位数与产后抑郁症风险降低独立相关（多变量 OR 0.52，95%CI 0.30，0.93），尽管没有明显的暴露-反应关系（趋势 P=0.36）。本研究未能证实饮食模式与产后抑郁症风险之间存在明确关联。需要进一步进行更准确测量的研究来证实饮食模式与产后抑郁症风险之间的关系。
