Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
CMAJ. 2010 Dec 14;182(18):E867-9. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.100042.
The review paper is a staple of medical literature and, when well executed by an expert in the field, can provide a summary of literature that generates useful recommendations and new conceptualizations of a topic. However, if research results are selectively chosen, a review has the potential to create a convincing argument for a faulty hypothesis. Improper correlation or extrapolation of data can result in dangerously flawed conclusions. The following paper seeks to illustrate this point, using existing research to argue the hypothesis that cigarette smoking enhances endurance performance and should be incorporated into high-level training programs.
综述论文是医学文献的主要组成部分,如果由该领域的专家精心撰写,它可以对文献进行总结,提出有用的建议,并对某一主题提出新的概念化理解。然而,如果研究结果是有选择性地选择的,那么综述就有可能为错误的假设提出一个有说服力的论据。数据的不当关联或推断可能会导致危险的错误结论。本文旨在用现有研究来论证这一点,即吸烟能提高耐力表现,应该纳入高水平的训练计划。