Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2010 Nov 30;5(11):e15098. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015098.
We describe the epidemiology of hospitalized RSV infections for all age groups from population-based surveillance in two rural provinces in Thailand.
From September 1, 2003 through December 31, 2007, we enrolled hospitalized patients with acute lower respiratory tract illness, who had a chest radiograph ordered by the physician, from all hospitals in SaKaeo and Nakhom Phanom Provinces. We tested nasopharyngeal specimens for RSV with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays and paired-sera from a subset of patients with IgG enzyme immunoassay. Rates were adjusted for enrollment.
Among 11,097 enrolled patients, 987 (8.9%) had RSV infection. Rates of hospitalized RSV infection overall (and radiographically-confirmed pneumonia) were highest among children aged<1 year: 1,067/100,000 (534/100,000 radiographically-confirmed pneumonia) and 1-4 year: 403/100,000 (222/100,000), but low among enrolled adults aged≥65 years: 42/100,000. Age<1 year (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=13.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.7, 22.5) and 1-4 year (aOR=8.3, 95% CI 5.0, 13.9) were independent predictors of hospitalized RSV infection.
The incidence of hospitalized RSV lower respiratory tract illness among children<5 years was high in rural Thailand. Efforts to prevent RSV infection could substantially reduce the pneumonia burden in children aged<5 years.
我们描述了泰国两个农村省份基于人群的监测中所有年龄段因住院的 RSV 感染的流行病学情况。
从 2003 年 9 月 1 日至 2007 年 12 月 31 日，我们招募了患有急性下呼吸道疾病的住院患者，这些患者的医生开具了胸部 X 光检查，研究对象来自沙缴府和那空帕农府的所有医院。我们使用逆转录酶聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测鼻咽拭子的 RSV，并使用酶联免疫吸附试验对部分患者的配对血清进行 RSV 检测。采用率进行调整。
在纳入的 11097 名患者中，有 987 名（8.9%）患有 RSV 感染。总体（以及经影像学证实的肺炎）住院 RSV 感染率在年龄<1 岁的儿童中最高：1067/100,000（534/100,000 经影像学证实的肺炎）和 1-4 岁：403/100,000（222/100,000），但年龄≥65 岁的纳入成年人中较低：42/100,000。年龄<1 岁（调整后的优势比[aOR]=13.2，95%置信区间[CI]7.7，22.5）和 1-4 岁（aOR=8.3，95% CI 5.0，13.9）是住院 RSV 感染的独立预测因素。
在泰国农村地区，5 岁以下儿童因住院的 RSV 下呼吸道疾病发病率很高。预防 RSV 感染的努力可以大大降低 5 岁以下儿童的肺炎负担。
