Thiel Gerhard, Moroni Anna, Dunigan David, Van Etten James L
Institute of Botany, Technische Universitat Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
Prog Bot. 2010 Jan 1;71(3):169-183. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-02167-1_7.
Chlorella viruses (or chloroviruses) are very large, plaque-forming viruses. The viruses are multilayered structures containing a large double-stranded DNA genome, a lipid bilayered membrane, and an outer icosahedral capsid shell. The viruses replicate in certain isolates of the coccal green alga, Chlorella. Sequence analysis of the 330-kbp genome of Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus 1 (PBCV-1), the prototype of the virus family Phycodnaviridae, reveals <365 protein-encoding genes and 11 tRNA genes. Products of about 40% of these genes resemble proteins of known function, including many that are unexpected for a virus. Among these is a virus-encoded protein, called Kcv, which forms a functional K(+) channel. This chapter focuses on the initial steps in virus infection and provides a plausible role for the function of the viral K(+) channel in lowering the turgor pressure of the host. This step appears to be a prerequisite for delivery of the viral genome into the host.
小球藻病毒（或绿藻病毒）是非常大的、能形成噬菌斑的病毒。这些病毒是多层结构，包含一个大的双链DNA基因组、一个脂质双分子层膜和一个二十面体外壳衣壳。这些病毒在某些球状绿藻小球藻的分离株中复制。草履虫小球藻病毒1（PBCV-1）是藻DNA病毒科的原型，对其330千碱基对基因组的序列分析显示有<365个蛋白质编码基因和11个tRNA基因。这些基因中约40%的产物类似于已知功能的蛋白质，包括许多对病毒来说意想不到的蛋白质。其中有一种病毒编码的蛋白质，称为Kcv，它形成一个功能性的钾离子通道。本章重点关注病毒感染的初始步骤，并为病毒钾离子通道在降低宿主膨压方面的功能提供一个合理的作用。这一步骤似乎是将病毒基因组递送至宿主的先决条件。
