Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2011 Apr;39(4):1313-27. doi: 10.1007/s10439-010-0213-1. Epub 2010 Dec 9.
The potential of rapid, quantitative, and sensitive diagnosis has led to many innovative 'lab on chip' technologies for point of care diagnostic applications. Because these chips must be designed within strict cost constraints to be widely deployable, recent research in this area has produced extremely novel non-conventional micro- and nano-fabrication innovations. These advances can be leveraged for other biological assays as well, including for custom assay development and academic prototyping. The technologies reviewed here leverage extremely low-cost substrates and easily adoptable ways to pattern both structural and biological materials at high resolution in unprecedented ways. These new approaches offer the promise of more rapid prototyping with less investment in capital equipment as well as greater flexibility in design. Though still in their infancy, these technologies hold potential to improve upon the resolution, sensitivity, flexibility, and cost-savings over more traditional approaches.
快速、定量和敏感的诊断潜力催生了许多用于即时诊断应用的创新“片上实验室”技术。由于这些芯片必须在严格的成本限制范围内设计，才能广泛部署，因此该领域的最新研究产生了极其新颖的非常规微纳制造创新。这些进展也可以用于其他生物检测，包括定制检测开发和学术原型设计。这里回顾的技术利用极低的成本基质，以及以以前所未有的方式以极高的分辨率轻松采用图案化结构和生物材料的方法。这些新方法有望通过减少对资本设备的投资以及提高设计灵活性来实现更快的原型设计。尽管这些技术还处于起步阶段，但它们有可能在分辨率、灵敏度、灵活性和成本节约方面超越更传统的方法。
