Department of Communication, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL 61455, USA.
Health Commun. 2010 Dec;25(8):661-9. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2010.521906.
The Health Belief Model (HBM; Rosenstock, 1966) was constructed to explain which beliefs should be targeted in communication campaigns to cause positive health behaviors. The model specifies that if individuals perceive a negative health outcome to be severe, perceive themselves to be susceptible to it, perceive the benefits to behaviors that reduce the likelihood of that outcome to be high, and perceive the barriers to adopting those behaviors to be low, then the behavior is likely for those individuals. A meta-analysis of 18 studies (2,702 subjects) was conducted to determine whether measures of these beliefs could longitudinally predict behavior. Benefits and barriers were consistently the strongest predictors. The length of time between measurement of the HBM beliefs and behavior, prevention versus treatment behaviors, and drug-taking regimens versus other behaviors were identified as moderators of the HBM variables' predictive power. Based on the weakness of two of the predictors, the continued use of the direct effects version of the HBM is not recommended.
健康信念模型（HBM；Rosenstock，1966）旨在解释在沟通活动中应针对哪些信念来引发积极的健康行为。该模型指出，如果个人认为负面健康结果是严重的，认为自己易受影响，认为采取减少该结果发生可能性的行为的益处很高，并且认为采取这些行为的障碍较低，那么这些行为在这些个人中很可能发生。对 18 项研究（2702 名受试者）进行的荟萃分析旨在确定这些信念的衡量标准是否可以从纵向预测行为。益处和障碍一直是最强的预测因素。HBM 变量预测能力的调节因素包括测量 HBM 信念与行为之间的时间长短、预防与治疗行为以及吸毒方案与其他行为。基于两个预测因素的弱点，不建议继续使用 HBM 的直接影响版本。
