Houk Alice E, Goodwin David G, Zajac Anne M, Barr Stephen C, Dubey J P, Lindsay David S
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0342, USA.
J Parasitol. 2010 Dec;96(6):1119-22. doi: 10.1645/GE-2515.1. Epub 2010 Aug 12.
We examined the prevalence of antibodies to zoonotic protozoan parasites ( Trypanosoma cruzi, Toxoplasma gondii, and Encephalitozoon cuniculi) and protozoans of veterinary importance ( Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis neurona, and Besnoitia darlingi) in a population of North American opossums ( Didelphis virginiana) from Louisiana. Samples from 30 opossums were collected as part of a survey for T. cruzi in Louisiana. Frozen sera from these 30 opossums were examined using an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) against in vitro-produced antigenic stages of these protozoans. Additionally, 24 of the 30 samples were examined using hemoculture, and all 30 were examined in the modified direct agglutination test (MAT) for antibodies to To. gondii. The prevalences of reactive IFAT samples were as follows: 60% for T. cruzi, 27% for To. gondii, 23% for E. cuniculi, 17% for S. neurona, 47% for B. darlingi, and 0% for N. caninum. Hemoculture revealed that 16 (67%) of 24 samples were positive for T. cruzi, compared to 18 of 30 (60%) by IFAT. The sensitivity and specificity for the IFAT compared to hemoculture was 100% for each. The modified direct agglutination test revealed that 9 (30%) of the 30 samples from opossums had antibodies to To. gondii , compared to 8 (27%) using the IFAT. The sensitivity and specificity of the IFAT compared to the MAT was 100% and 72%, respectively.
我们检测了来自路易斯安那州的北美负鼠（弗吉尼亚负鼠）群体中针对人畜共患原生动物寄生虫（克氏锥虫、刚地弓形虫和兔脑炎微孢子虫）以及具有兽医重要性的原生动物（犬新孢子虫、肉孢子虫和达林贝斯诺孢子虫）的抗体流行情况。作为路易斯安那州克氏锥虫调查的一部分，采集了30只负鼠的样本。使用针对这些原生动物体外产生的抗原阶段的间接免疫荧光抗体试验（IFAT）检测了这30只负鼠的冷冻血清。此外，对30个样本中的24个进行了血液培养，并且对所有30个样本进行了改良直接凝集试验（MAT）以检测针对刚地弓形虫的抗体。IFAT反应性样本的流行率如下：克氏锥虫为60%，刚地弓形虫为27%，兔脑炎微孢子虫为23%，肉孢子虫为17%，达林贝斯诺孢子虫为47%，犬新孢子虫为0%。血液培养显示，24个样本中有16个（67%）克氏锥虫呈阳性，而IFAT检测的30个样本中有18个（60%）呈阳性。与血液培养相比，IFAT的敏感性和特异性均为100%。改良直接凝集试验显示，负鼠的30个样本中有9个（30%）具有针对刚地弓形虫的抗体，而IFAT检测的为8个（27%）。与MAT相比，IFAT的敏感性和特异性分别为100%和72%。
