Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2011 Jan;32(1):56-68. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3182040acf.
In the care of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), medical treatment is typically considered an adjunct to educational and behavioral interventions. Nonetheless, large proportions of children with ASD are managed medically and receive both pharmacologic and complementary-alternative medicine (CAM) treatments. Although many medical treatments have been studied in children with ASD, studies vary widely in terms of the sample, sample size, research design, purposes of treatment, and measurements of change. Surprisingly, comprehensive reviews of the options for medical management in ASD are lacking, particularly reviews that address both pharmacologic and CAM treatments. Furthermore, reviews to date tend to emphasize general effects of medication; this perspective contradicts medical practice, which targets particular symptoms during treatment selection and monitoring. This review of 115 studies adds to the ASD treatment literature by (1) including studies of individuals 0 to 22 years of age; (2) aggregating studies of pharmacologic treatments and CAM treatments; and importantly, (3) organizing treatment response by ASD symptoms, differentiating core and associated symptoms.
在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的护理中，医疗通常被视为教育和行为干预的辅助手段。尽管如此，仍有很大比例的 ASD 儿童接受医学治疗，并接受药物治疗和补充替代医学（CAM）治疗。虽然已经对 ASD 儿童的许多医疗治疗进行了研究，但研究在样本、样本量、研究设计、治疗目的和变化测量方面差异很大。令人惊讶的是，缺乏对 ASD 医学管理选项的综合审查，特别是那些同时涉及药物和 CAM 治疗的审查。此外，迄今为止的综述往往强调药物的一般效果；这种观点与医疗实践相悖，医疗实践在治疗选择和监测期间针对特定症状。这项对 115 项研究的综述通过以下方式增加了 ASD 治疗文献：（1）纳入了 0 至 22 岁个体的研究；（2）汇总了药物治疗和 CAM 治疗的研究；（3）重要的是，通过 ASD 症状组织治疗反应，区分核心症状和相关症状。
