Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1650, USA.
Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2011;7:297-319. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104550.
Evidence for the importance of sleep in the mood disorders has mushroomed over the past decade. Among adolescents and adults with a mood disorder, sleep disturbance is a risk factor for episodes, can contribute to relapse, has an adverse impact on emotion regulation, is critical for cognitive functioning, compromises health, and may contribute to substance use comorbidity and suicidality. This evidence has triggered a shift away from viewing sleep disturbance as an epiphenomenon, toward viewing sleep disturbance as an important but under-recognized mechanism in the multifactorial cause and maintenance of the mood disorders. Because the biology underpinning the sleep and circadian system is an open system, readily influenced by inputs from the environment, sleep in the mood disorders represents a unique and exciting domain for interdisciplinary research across behavioral, social, cognitive, and neurobiological levels of explanation. Together, the accumulated evidence has informed a range of novel, powerful, simple, and inexpensive treatments with potential for massive improvements to public health, including improving quality of life, reducing length and severity of episodes, and reducing the risk of subsequent episodes in the large number of individuals who suffer from mood disorders.
在过去的十年中，睡眠在情绪障碍中的重要性的证据如雨后春笋般涌现。在患有情绪障碍的青少年和成年人中，睡眠障碍是发作的风险因素，可导致复发，对情绪调节有不利影响，对认知功能至关重要，损害健康，并可能导致物质使用共病和自杀倾向。这一证据促使人们不再将睡眠障碍视为一种偶然现象，而是将其视为情绪障碍多因素病因和维持的一个重要但未被充分认识的机制。由于睡眠和昼夜节律系统的生物学基础是一个开放系统，很容易受到环境输入的影响，因此情绪障碍中的睡眠是一个独特而令人兴奋的领域，可进行跨行为、社会、认知和神经生物学等多个层面的跨学科研究。总之，这些累积的证据为一系列新颖、强大、简单且廉价的治疗方法提供了信息，这些方法有可能极大地改善公共卫生，包括提高生活质量、缩短发作持续时间和严重程度，以及降低大量患有情绪障碍的个体随后发作的风险。
