Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Disabil Rehabil. 2011;33(17-18):1625-35. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2010.541547. Epub 2010 Dec 20.
We conducted a qualitative study into the return-to-work process of workers partially on sick leave due to common mental disorders. Our objectives were to describe the barriers to a full return to work, solutions, communicating to the working environment and the aim of a full return to work, all as perceived by the workers.
Workers who had partially returned to work and were partially on long-term sick leave due to a stress-related, anxiety or depressive disorder were eligible for this study. Fourteen workers were interviewed and the interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded.
The perceived main barriers were: inability to set limits, recognise exhaustion and to control cognitions and behaviour such as perfectionism. A general pattern in the process was that all workers perceived barriers to a full return to work; most workers were able to mention solutions; all workers aimed for a full return to work, and after some time all workers were met with sufficient understanding and social support from their supervisor and health care professional. However, hardly any worker intended to implement or utilise the solutions at the workplace, except the structural adaptations of the work demands.
The pattern we found suggests a critical intention-behaviour gap between solutions and intentions for a full return to work and its implementation at work. This implies that we should develop new interventions that focus on helping workers and their environment to bridge this gap.
我们对因常见精神障碍而部分请病假的工人的复工过程进行了定性研究。我们的目的是描述工人感知到的完全复工的障碍、解决方案、与工作环境的沟通以及完全复工的目标。
有资格参加这项研究的是因与压力相关的焦虑或抑郁障碍而部分复工并长期请病假的工人。对 14 名工人进行了访谈，访谈内容逐字记录并进行了编码。
工人感知到的主要障碍包括：无法设定限制、识别疲劳以及控制认知和行为，如完美主义。在整个过程中存在一个普遍模式，即所有工人都认为完全复工存在障碍；大多数工人能够提出解决方案；所有工人都希望完全复工，并且经过一段时间，他们都得到了主管和医疗保健专业人员的充分理解和社会支持。然而，几乎没有工人打算在工作场所实施或利用这些解决方案，除了工作需求的结构性调整。
我们发现的模式表明，在解决方案和完全复工的意图及其在工作中的实施之间存在着关键的意图-行为差距。这意味着我们应该开发新的干预措施，重点帮助工人及其环境缩小这一差距。
