Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 325 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Apr;20(4):699-707. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-1108. Epub 2010 Dec 20.
Characterizing short-term detection patterns of young women's incident α-genus human papillomavirus (HPV) infections may further our understanding of HPV transmission.
Between 2000 and 2007, we followed 18- to 22-year-old female university students with triannual HPV DNA and Papanicolaou testing. Using Kaplan-Meier methods, we estimated duration of detectable, type-specific incident infections; time to redetection (among infections that became undetectable); and time to cervical lesion development after incident infection. We evaluated risk factors for short-term persistent versus transient infection with logistic regression.
Three hundred three incident, type-specific infections were detected in 85 sexually active women. Median time to first negative test after incident infection was 9.4 (95% CI: 7.8-11.2) months; 90.6% of infections became undetectable within 2 years. About 19.4% of infections that became undetectable were redetected within 1 year. Cervical lesions were common and 60% were positive for multiple HPV types in concurrent cervical swabs. Incident HPV detection in the cervix only (vs. the vulva/vagina only or both sites) was associated with short-term transience.
Although most incident infections became undetectable within 2 years, redetection was common. Cervical lesions were a common early manifestation of HPV infection.
It remains unclear whether potentially modifiable risk factors can be identified to reduce infection duration (and transmission likelihood).
描述年轻女性新发α 种人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的短期检测模式，可能有助于我们深入了解 HPV 的传播。
2000 年至 2007 年，我们对 18 至 22 岁的女性大学生进行了为期 3 年的 HPV DNA 和巴氏涂片检测。我们使用 Kaplan-Meier 方法估计可检测到的、特定类型的新发感染的持续时间；在感染转为不可检测后再次检测的时间（在感染转为不可检测的情况下）；以及新发感染后宫颈病变发展的时间。我们使用逻辑回归评估短期持续感染与短暂感染的危险因素。
在 85 名有性行为的女性中，共发现 303 例新发、特定类型的感染。新发感染后首次阴性检测的中位时间为 9.4 个月（95%CI：7.8-11.2）；90.6%的感染在 2 年内转为不可检测。大约 19.4%的不可检测感染在 1 年内再次检测到。宫颈病变常见，且 60%的病变在同时采集的宫颈拭子中存在多种 HPV 类型。仅在宫颈（而非外阴/阴道或两者）检测到新发 HPV 与短期短暂感染相关。
尽管大多数新发感染在 2 年内转为不可检测，但再次检测很常见。宫颈病变是 HPV 感染的常见早期表现。
目前仍不清楚是否可以确定潜在的可改变的危险因素，以减少感染持续时间（和传播可能性）。
