Ministry of Health, Panama City, Panama, Panama City, Panama.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011 Jan;30(1 Suppl):S16-20. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fefc68.
In March 2006, rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix, RV1) was introduced into the Panamanian national immunization program. We assessed the effect of vaccine on diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among young Panamanian children.
We obtained monthly numbers of diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among children aged ≤ 5 years during 2003 and 2008 from 5 health regions in Panama, representing 53% of the birth cohort. We compared the number of diarrhea-associated hospitalizations during the postvaccine years of 2007 and 2008 with the prevaccine mean numbers 2003-2005 among children < 1 year and those 1 to 4 years of age. Administrative data were used to estimate national rotavirus vaccine coverage.
During prevaccine years, diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among children < 5 years in the 5 regions averaged 4057 annually. After the vaccine introduction, a decrease in diarrhea-associated hospitalizations of 22% (898 fewer) occurred in 2007 and 37% (1502 fewer) in 2008. Greater reductions were observed during January through June, the months presumed to have high rotavirus activity in prevaccine years (33% reduction in 2007 and 58% in 2008, compared with prevaccine mean). Reduction estimates were similar among infants and those aged 1-4 years of age, even though only 25% of the latter group was likely to have received vaccine by early 2008. Estimated coverage with ≥ 1 dose of rotavirus vaccine among infants increased from 63% at the end of 2006 to 94% at the end of 2008.
RV1 appears to have had a substantial impact on diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among young children in Panama.
2006 年 3 月，轮状病毒疫苗（Rotarix，RV1）被引入巴拿马国家免疫计划。我们评估了疫苗对巴拿马年轻儿童腹泻相关住院的影响。
我们从巴拿马 5 个卫生区获得了 2003 年和 2008 年≤5 岁儿童每月腹泻相关住院人数的数据，这 5 个卫生区代表了出生队列的 53%。我们比较了 2007 年和 2008 年疫苗接种后年份和 2003-2005 年疫苗接种前年份＜1 岁和 1-4 岁儿童腹泻相关住院人数。使用行政数据估计全国轮状病毒疫苗覆盖率。
在疫苗接种前年份，5 个地区＜5 岁儿童腹泻相关住院人数平均每年为 4057 例。疫苗接种后，2007 年腹泻相关住院人数减少了 22%（减少 898 例），2008 年减少了 37%（减少 1502 例）。在假定疫苗接种前年份轮状病毒活动较高的 1 月至 6 月期间，减少幅度更大（2007 年减少 33%，2008 年减少 58%，与疫苗接种前平均水平相比）。即使只有 25%的 1-4 岁儿童可能在 2008 年初之前接种过疫苗，婴儿和 1-4 岁儿童的减少估计值也相似。2006 年底，婴儿接种至少 1 剂轮状病毒疫苗的覆盖率从 63%增加到 2008 年底的 94%。
RV1 似乎对巴拿马幼儿腹泻相关住院产生了重大影响。
