Haire-Joshu Debra, Schwarz Cynthia, Budd Elizabeth, Yount Byron W, Lapka Christina
George Warren Brown School of Social Work and School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2011 Jan;111(1):124-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.10.009.
Addressing high-risk dietary patterns among postpartum teens may help reduce weight retention and prevent intergenerational obesity. The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between breakfast consumption and outcomes of snack and beverage intake and body mass index (BMI) among postpartum teens. During 2007-2009, 1,330 postpartum teens across 27 states participated in a cross-sectional, baseline assessment of a group-randomized, nested cohort study. Participants were enrolled in the Parents as Teachers Teen Program and completed a 7-day recall of breakfast, snack, and beverage consumption. BMI was calculated from heights and weights obtained by on-site staff. Sample descriptives were compared across breakfast consumption frequency groupings by one-way analysis of variance tests or χ² tests. General linear models assessed relationships between breakfast consumption and measures of snack and sweetened beverage intake, water consumption, and BMI-for-age percentile. Almost half (42%) of the sample consumed breakfast fewer than 2 days per week. Those who ate breakfast 6 to 7 days/week consumed 1,197 fewer kilocalories per week from sweet and salty snacks, 1,337 fewer kilocalories per week from sweetened drinks, and had a lower BMI compared to those who ate breakfast fewer than 2 days per week (P < 0.05). Consumption of fruit, vegetables, milk, water, and cereal as a snack were higher among regular breakfast consumers (P < 0.05). Although breakfast consumption among postpartum teens is low, those who regularly consume breakfast had healthier snacking behaviors and weight. Interventions are needed to encourage breakfast consumption among teen mothers.
解决产后青少年的高风险饮食模式可能有助于减少体重滞留并预防代际肥胖。本研究的目的是描述产后青少年早餐摄入量与零食和饮料摄入量以及体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。在2007年至2009年期间，来自27个州的1330名产后青少年参与了一项群组随机嵌套队列研究的横断面基线评估。参与者参加了“家长即教师青少年计划”，并完成了一份关于早餐、零食和饮料摄入量的7天回顾。BMI根据现场工作人员测量的身高和体重计算得出。通过单因素方差分析或χ²检验对不同早餐摄入频率分组的样本描述性数据进行比较。通用线性模型评估了早餐摄入量与零食和含糖饮料摄入量、饮水量以及年龄别BMI百分位数之间的关系。近一半（42%）的样本每周吃早餐的天数少于2天。与每周吃早餐少于2天的人相比，每周吃6至7天早餐的人每周从甜咸零食中摄入的热量少1197千卡，从含糖饮料中摄入的热量少1337千卡，且BMI较低（P<0.05）。经常吃早餐的人吃水果、蔬菜、牛奶、水和谷类食品作为零食的比例更高（P<0.05）。尽管产后青少年的早餐摄入量较低，但经常吃早餐的人有更健康的零食行为和体重。需要采取干预措施来鼓励青少年母亲吃早餐。
