Friedland G, Kahl P, Saltzman B, Rogers M, Feiner C, Mayers M, Schable C, Klein R S
Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467.
AIDS. 1990 Jul;4(7):639-44. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199007000-00005.
To further study the possibility of transmission of HIV infection by close personal but non-sexual, non-parenteral contact we have continued to enroll and evaluate household contacts of adult patients with AIDS. Two hundred and six household contacts of 90 patients with AIDS were evaluated with detailed interviews, physical examinations, and detection of HIV antibodies and p24 antigen from 1984 to 1987; 118 of these contacts were re-evaluated 6-12 months after cessation of household contact or death of the patient. The median duration of household contact from 18 months prior to symptoms in the AIDS patients to last contact was 23 months (range 3-101 months). The median time elapsed from first contact during this period to the last evaluation was 38 months (range 13-66 months). No household contact had signs or symptoms suggesting HIV infection. All 206 were negative for serum antibodies to HIV and HIV p24 antigen, despite extensive sharing of household facilities and items and personal interactions with AIDS patients. This study continues to show that household members without other risks remain at minimal to no risk for HIV transmission (95% confidence interval, 0-1.44) despite prolonged and substantial close non-sexual contact with AIDS patients, and after re-evaluation at a median of 10.9 months after initial evaluation.
为了进一步研究通过密切的个人但非性、非肠道外接触传播艾滋病毒感染的可能性，我们继续招募并评估成年艾滋病患者的家庭接触者。1984年至1987年期间，对90例艾滋病患者的206名家庭接触者进行了详细访谈、体格检查以及艾滋病毒抗体和p24抗原检测；其中118名接触者在停止家庭接触或患者死亡6至12个月后接受了重新评估。从艾滋病患者出现症状前18个月到最后一次接触的家庭接触中位持续时间为23个月（范围3至101个月）。在此期间从首次接触到最后一次评估所经过的中位时间为38个月（范围13至66个月）。没有家庭接触者有提示艾滋病毒感染的体征或症状。尽管家庭设施和物品广泛共享以及与艾滋病患者有个人互动，但所有206人的艾滋病毒血清抗体和艾滋病毒p24抗原均为阴性。这项研究继续表明，没有其他风险因素的家庭成员，尽管与艾滋病患者有长期大量的密切非性接触，并且在初次评估后中位10.9个月进行重新评估后，感染艾滋病毒的风险仍然极低或没有风险（95%置信区间，0至1.44）。
