Berrio Esther, Tabernero Juan, Artal Pablo
Laboratorio de Optica, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Edificio CiOyN), Murcia, Spain.
J Vis. 2010 Dec 31;10(14):34. doi: 10.1167/10.14.34.
We explored the relative changes in ocular, corneal, and internal aberrations associated with normal aging with special emphasis in the role of ocular alignment and lens shape factor in the balance of aberrations. Ocular and corneal aberrations together with the angle kappa were measured for a 5-mm pupil diameter in 46 eyes with low refractive errors and ages ranging between 20 and 77 years. The root mean square (RMS) of the higher order ocular and corneal aberrations increased with age at a rate of 0.0032 μm/year and 0.0015 μm/year, respectively. While in young eyes the partial compensation of aberrations by the internal surfaces was clear, no significant difference was found between corneal and ocular RMS in the older group. The ocular spherical aberration (0.0011 μm/year) and horizontal coma (0.0017 μm/year) increased moderately with age. This is not due to changes in the optical alignment, since angle kappa did not vary significantly with age. Age-related variations in the radii of curvature of the crystalline lens modify slightly its shape factor, reducing the compensation of lateral coma. This suggests that geometrical changes in the crystalline lens with age contribute to modify its aberration structure, reducing the compensation mechanism and explaining most of the measured increment of ocular aberrations with age.
我们探讨了与正常衰老相关的眼像差、角膜像差和内部像差的相对变化，特别强调了眼位和晶状体形状因子在像差平衡中的作用。对46只低屈光不正且年龄在20至77岁之间的眼睛，测量了5毫米瞳孔直径下的眼像差、角膜像差以及kappa角。高阶眼像差和角膜像差的均方根（RMS）分别以每年0.0032μm和0.0015μm的速率随年龄增加。在年轻眼睛中，内部表面对像差的部分补偿很明显，但在老年组中，角膜和眼RMS之间未发现显著差异。眼球差（每年0.0011μm）和水平彗差（每年0.0017μm）随年龄适度增加。这并非由于光学对准的变化，因为kappa角并未随年龄显著变化。晶状体曲率半径的年龄相关变化略微改变了其形状因子，减少了对横向彗差的补偿。这表明晶状体随年龄的几何变化有助于改变其像差结构，减少补偿机制，并解释了大多数测量到的眼像差随年龄的增加。
