Kolka M A, Cadarette B S
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760-5007.
Mil Med. 1990 Sep;155(9):390-4.
The effect of the currently fielded therapeutic antidotal (DRUG) combination (a cholinolytic, 2 mg of atropine sulfate, and an oxime, 600 mg of pralidoxime chloride) in combination with chemical protective Mission Oriented Protective Posture clothing (MOPP IV) was studied. Eight healthy male subjects participated in intermittent light physical activity (1.4-2.1 kcal/minute) in two distinct environments: 35 degrees C, 60% rh (95 degrees F, HOT) and 13 degrees C, 44% rh (55 degrees F, COOL). Subjects were exposed once to HOT wearing MOPP (CON) and once wearing MOPP after DRUG. Similarly, each subject was exposed to COOL wearing MOPP and MOPP after DRUG. Rectal temperature (Tre) and mean weighted skin temperature (Tsk) were not different between DRUG and CON during COOL. Exposure time during COOL was 350 minutes. Tre averaged .5 degrees C higher in DRUG than CON in HOT. The rate of core temperature increase was 2 times faster in DRUG than CON in HOT. Tsk was 1.0 degrees C higher in DRUG experiments in HOT. Whole-body sweating rate was 40% lower (p less than .05) in DRUG than CON experiments in HOT. Heart rate was 27 beats/minute higher by 30 minutes post-injection in DRUG at 35 degrees C. Exposure time was 213 +/- 30 minutes in CON and 190 +/- 38 minutes in DRUG at 35 degrees C. These data indicate the currently fielded therapeutic antidotal drug combination increases thermal strain in subjects exposed to a hot environment when wearing protective clothing. The results are applicable to subjects performing light, intermittent work. At higher work intensities, these findings of increased thermal strain would be exacerbated.
研究了当前配备的治疗解毒剂（药物）组合（一种胆碱解磷定，2毫克硫酸阿托品，以及一种肟，600毫克氯解磷定）与化学防护的任务导向防护姿势服装（MOPP IV）联合使用的效果。八名健康男性受试者在两个不同环境中进行间歇性轻度体力活动（1.4 - 2.1千卡/分钟）：35摄氏度，60%相对湿度（95华氏度，炎热）和13摄氏度，44%相对湿度（55华氏度，凉爽）。受试者在炎热环境中一次穿着MOPP（对照组）暴露，一次在服用药物后穿着MOPP暴露。同样，每个受试者在凉爽环境中分别穿着MOPP和服用药物后穿着MOPP暴露。在凉爽环境中，药物组和对照组的直肠温度（Tre）和平均加权皮肤温度（Tsk）没有差异。凉爽环境下的暴露时间为350分钟。在炎热环境中，药物组的Tre平均比对照组高0.5摄氏度。在炎热环境中，药物组的核心体温升高速度比对照组快2倍。在炎热环境中的药物实验中，Tsk高1.0摄氏度。在炎热环境中，药物组的全身出汗率比对照组实验低40%（p小于0.05）。在35摄氏度时，药物组在注射后30分钟心率比对照组高27次/分钟。在35摄氏度时，对照组的暴露时间为213±30分钟，药物组为190±38分钟。这些数据表明，当前配备的治疗解毒剂药物组合会增加穿着防护服暴露于炎热环境中的受试者的热应激。这些结果适用于进行轻度间歇性工作的受试者。在更高的工作强度下，热应激增加的这些发现会更加严重。
