Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Feb;25(2):334-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182027288.
This study investigated physiological and performance aspects of 15 (4 women and 11 men) elite Taekwondo athletes (24.0 ± 5.7 years) during their National Championship. The load of the competition was evaluated by means of heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (La). Pre and postmatch countermovement jump (CMJ), and handgrip performances were compared (p < 0.05). The match imposed a high load (HR > 85% of individual HRmax = 92 ± 12%; La = 6.7 ± 2.5 mmol·L⁻¹) on athletes. After the match, better (p < 0.0001) CMJ (men: 43.9 ± 5.2 cm; women: 30.8 ± 2.3 cm) and worst (p = 0.006) handgrip performances (men: 459 ± 87 N; women: 337 ± 70 N) were found with respect to prematch ones (CMJ: men = 40.8 ± 4.9 cm, women = 28.2 ± 2.5 cm; handgrip: men = 486 ± 88 N, women: 337 ± 70 N). Results indicate that the intermittent activity of the Taekwondo competition elicits a high neuromuscular activation of the lower limbs. Instead, the decreases in grip strength could be because of the repeated concussions on the upper limbs used to protect from the opponent's kicks and punches directed toward the scoring area of the torso. Practically, these results urge coaches to structure training sessions that enable athletes to maintain their upper limb strength during their match.
本研究调查了 15 名（4 名女性和 11 名男性）精英跆拳道运动员在全国锦标赛期间的生理和表现方面。通过心率（HR）和血乳酸（La）评估比赛负荷。比较了比赛前后的下蹲跳（CMJ）和握力表现（p < 0.05）。比赛对运动员造成了高负荷（HR > 85%个体 HRmax=92 ± 12%；La = 6.7 ± 2.5 mmol·L⁻¹）。比赛后，CMJ 表现更好（p < 0.0001）（男性：43.9 ± 5.2 cm；女性：30.8 ± 2.3 cm），握力表现更差（p = 0.006）（男性：459 ± 87 N；女性：337 ± 70 N）与比赛前相比（CMJ：男性=40.8 ± 4.9 cm，女性=28.2 ± 2.5 cm；握力：男性=486 ± 88 N，女性=337 ± 70 N）。结果表明，跆拳道比赛的间歇性活动会引起下肢的高神经肌肉激活。相反，握力下降可能是因为上肢反复受到冲击，以保护身体躯干的得分区域免受对手踢腿和拳击的伤害。实际上，这些结果促使教练构建训练课程，使运动员能够在比赛中保持上肢力量。
