Khaustova N D, Totskiĭ V N
Genetika. 1990 Aug;26(8):1427-34.
The subject of this research is activity and allozyme spectra of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and survival of mutant strains of Drosophila kept in standard nutrient medium with added ethanol. In all experiments the ADH of flies revealed greater affinity to isopropanol than ethanol. The mutant strains considerably differed from one another and from the wild type of flies in the level of enzyme activity, which may be connected with genotypic properties in the mutants studied. The ADH variability in mutant strains seems to be caused by different alleles of the structural ADH gene, which was established as a result of investigation of activity, electrophoretic mobility and thermostability of corresponding allozymes. As follows from experiments on the genotypical structure of populations in the conditions of fly selection in the medium containing ethanol (10%), the adaptation of flies to exogenous ethanol takes place via mechanisms of allele control of the ADH activity. Phenotypical manifestation of the ADH locus and its effect on the resistance of Drosophila to alcohol are supposed to depend on complex gene interactions determined by the genotype as a whole.
本研究的主题是酒精脱氢酶（ADH）的活性和同工酶谱，以及在添加乙醇的标准营养培养基中饲养的果蝇突变株的存活情况。在所有实验中，果蝇的ADH对异丙醇的亲和力比对乙醇的亲和力更高。突变株在酶活性水平上彼此之间以及与野生型果蝇有很大差异，这可能与所研究突变体的基因型特性有关。突变株中ADH的变异性似乎是由结构ADH基因的不同等位基因引起的，这是通过对相应同工酶的活性、电泳迁移率和热稳定性进行研究得出的结论。从在含有10%乙醇的培养基中对果蝇进行选择的条件下对种群基因型结构的实验可以看出，果蝇对外源乙醇的适应是通过ADH活性的等位基因控制机制实现的。ADH基因座的表型表现及其对果蝇酒精抗性的影响被认为取决于由整个基因型决定的复杂基因相互作用。
