IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Feb 25;22(8):085302. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/8/085302. Epub 2011 Jan 17.
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are known to be materials with potential for manufacturing sub-20 nm high aspect ratio vertical interconnects in future microchips. In order to be successful with respect to contending against established tungsten or copper based interconnects, though, CNT must fulfil their promise of also providing low electrical resistance in integrated structures using scalable integration processes fully compatible with silicon technology. Hence, carefully engineered growth and integration solutions are required before we can fully exploit their potentialities. This work tackles the problem of optimizing a CNT integration process from the electrical perspective. The technique of measuring the CNT resistance as a function of the CNT length is here extended to CNT integrated in vertical contacts. This allows extracting the linear resistivity and the contact resistance of the CNT, two parameters to our knowledge never reported separately for vertical CNT contacts and which are of utmost importance, as they respectively measure the quality of the CNT and that of their metal contacts. The technique proposed allows electrically distinguishing the impact of each processing step individually on the CNT resistivity and the CNT contact resistance. Hence it constitutes a powerful technique for optimizing the process and developing CNT contacts of superior quality. This can be of relevant technological importance not only for interconnects but also for all those applications that rely on the electrical properties of CNT grown with a catalytic chemical vapor deposition method at low temperature.
碳纳米管(CNT)是一种具有在未来微芯片中制造高纵横比垂直互连线的潜力的材料。然而,为了成功替代现有的钨或铜基互连线,CNT 必须在使用与硅技术完全兼容的可扩展集成工艺的集成结构中提供低电阻,从而实现其承诺。因此,在充分利用其潜力之前,需要精心设计的生长和集成解决方案。这项工作从电学角度解决了优化 CNT 集成工艺的问题。这里将测量 CNT 电阻随 CNT 长度变化的技术扩展到垂直接触中的 CNT 集成。这允许提取 CNT 的线性电阻率和接触电阻,据我们所知,这两个参数从未分别针对垂直 CNT 接触进行过报道,它们非常重要,因为它们分别测量了 CNT 的质量及其金属接触的质量。所提出的技术允许单独从电学上区分每个处理步骤对 CNT 电阻率和 CNT 接触电阻的影响。因此,它是优化工艺和开发高质量 CNT 接触的有力技术。这不仅对于互连,而且对于所有依赖于低温下使用催化化学气相沉积方法生长的 CNT 的电特性的那些应用都具有相关的技术重要性。