MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Jan 21;60(2):37-41.
CDC identified the first case of 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza on April 15, 2009. During the first 3 months of the outbreak, approximately 43,000 cases were reported to CDC. In June 2009, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak an influenza pandemic. Because no existing influenza surveillance system in the United States monitored influenza-like illness (ILI) among persons with ILI who did not seek health care, CDC initiated community-based surveillance of self-reported ILI (defined as the presence of fever with cough or sore throat) and health-care--seeking behavior through a supplementary module of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This report summarizes results from BRFSS surveys conducted during September 2009--March 2010. Among 216,431 adults and 43,511 children (aged <18 years), the average monthly percentage of respondents reporting ILI in the 30 days preceding the interview was 8.1% among adults (range: 5.5% for September interviews to 9.5% for November) and 28.4% among children (range: 20.4% for September interviews to 35.9% for November). Health care was sought by 40% of adults and 56% of children with self-reported ILI. The results indicate that reported symptoms of ILI were widespread during the 2009--10 influenza season, with a substantial percentage of those reporting ILI seeking health care.
美国疾病控制与预防中心于 2009 年 4 月 15 日确认了首例 2009 年 H1N1 大流行流感病例。在疫情爆发的头 3 个月里，美国疾病控制与预防中心报告了大约 43000 例病例。2009 年 6 月，世界卫生组织宣布疫情为流感大流行。由于美国现有的流感监测系统没有监测未寻求医疗保健的流感样疾病（ILI）患者的 ILI，美国疾病控制与预防中心通过行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的补充模块启动了对自我报告的 ILI（定义为发热伴有咳嗽或喉咙痛）和寻求医疗保健行为的基于社区的监测。本报告总结了 2009 年 9 月至 2010 年 3 月期间进行的 BRFSS 调查结果。在 216431 名成年人和 43511 名儿童（年龄<18 岁）中，在接受采访前 30 天内报告 ILI 的受访者的月平均百分比为成年人 8.1%（范围：9 月调查的 5.5%至 11 月的 9.5%）和儿童 28.4%（范围：9 月调查的 20.4%至 11 月的 35.9%）。有 40%的成年人和 56%的有自我报告 ILI 的儿童寻求医疗保健。结果表明，在 2009-10 流感季节，报告的 ILI 症状广泛存在，有相当比例的报告 ILI 患者寻求医疗保健。
