School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2011 Dec;31(4):354-64. doi: 10.3109/07388551.2010.539971. Epub 2011 Jan 22.
Taking into consideration the needs of greener bioprocesses and novel enhancers for synthesis using microbial processes, biosurfactants, and/or biosurfactant producing microbes are emerging as an alternate source for the rapid synthesis of nanoparticles. A microemulsion technique using an oil-water-surfactant mixture was shown to be a promising approach for nanoparticle synthesis. Biosurfactants are natural surfactants derived from microbial origin composed mostly of sugar and fatty acid moieties, they have higher biodegradability, lower toxicity, and excellent biological activities. The biosurfactant mediated process and microbial synthesis of nanoparticles are now emerging as clean, nontoxic, and environmentally acceptable "green chemistry" procedures. The biosurfactant-mediated synthesis is superior to the methods of bacterial- or fungal-mediated nanoparticle synthesis, since biosurfactants reduce the formation of aggregates due to the electrostatic forces of attraction and facilitate a uniform morphology of the nanoparticles. In this review, we highlight the biosurfactant mediated synthesis of nanoparticles with relevant details including a greener bioprocess, sources of biosurfactants, and biological synthesized nanoparticles based on the available literature and laboratory findings.
考虑到更环保的生物工艺和新型增强剂对微生物工艺、生物表面活性剂和/或生物表面活性剂产生微生物合成的需求，生物表面活性剂作为快速合成纳米粒子的替代来源正在出现。使用油水表面活性剂混合物的微乳液技术被证明是一种很有前途的纳米粒子合成方法。生物表面活性剂是源自微生物的天然表面活性剂，主要由糖和脂肪酸部分组成，具有更高的生物降解性、更低的毒性和优异的生物活性。生物表面活性剂介导的纳米粒子合成和微生物合成正在成为清洁、无毒和环境可接受的“绿色化学”工艺。生物表面活性剂介导的合成优于细菌或真菌介导的纳米粒子合成方法，因为生物表面活性剂由于静电吸引力而减少了聚集体的形成，并促进了纳米粒子的均匀形态。在这篇综述中，我们强调了生物表面活性剂介导的纳米粒子合成，包括更环保的生物工艺、生物表面活性剂的来源以及基于现有文献和实验室发现的生物合成纳米粒子。
