Departamento de Físico-Química, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2023 Mar;54(1):103-123. doi: 10.1007/s42770-023-00905-7. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
The search for sustainable alternatives to the production of chemicals using renewable substrates and natural processes has been widely encouraged. Microbial surfactants or biosurfactants are surface-active compounds synthesized by fungi, yeasts, and bacteria. Due to their great metabolic versatility, bacteria are the most traditional and well-known microbial surfactant producers, being Bacillus and Pseudomonas species their typical representatives. To be successfully applied in industry, surfactants need to maintain stability under the harsh environmental conditions present in manufacturing processes; thus, the prospection of biosurfactants derived from extremophiles is a promising strategy to the discovery of novel and useful molecules. Bacterial surfactants show interesting properties suitable for a range of applications in the oil industry, food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, bioremediation, and more recently, nanotechnology. In addition, they can be synthesized using renewable resources as substrates, contributing to the circular economy and sustainability. The article presents a general and updated review of bacterial-derived biosurfactants, focusing on the potential of some groups that are still underexploited, as well as, recent trends and contributions of these versatile biomolecules to circular bioeconomy and nanotechnology.
人们广泛鼓励寻找可持续的替代品来生产化学品，这些替代品使用可再生基质和天然过程。微生物表面活性剂或生物表面活性剂是由真菌、酵母和细菌合成的具有表面活性的化合物。由于其巨大的代谢多样性，细菌是最传统和最知名的微生物表面活性剂生产者，芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属是其典型代表。为了在工业中成功应用，表面活性剂需要在制造过程中存在的恶劣环境条件下保持稳定性；因此，从极端微生物中寻找生物表面活性剂是发现新型有用分子的有前途的策略。细菌表面活性剂具有适合一系列应用的有趣特性，包括石油工业、食品、农业、制药、化妆品、生物修复等领域，最近还包括纳米技术。此外，它们可以使用可再生资源作为底物进行合成，有助于循环经济和可持续性。本文对细菌来源的生物表面活性剂进行了全面和更新的综述，重点介绍了一些仍未得到充分利用的群体的潜力，以及这些多功能生物分子对循环生物经济和纳米技术的最新趋势和贡献。
