Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.
Ageing Res Rev. 2011 Apr;10(2):253-63. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Jan 22.
With the rapid aging of the world population, the issue of skeletal health is becoming more prominent and urgent. The bone remodeling mechanism has sparked great interest among bone research societies. At the same time, increasing clinical and experimental evidence has driven attention towards the pivotal role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is thought to be partially controlled by the hypothalamus, a process which is mediated by the adrenergic nerves and neurotransmitters. Currently, new knowledge about the role of the SNS in the development and pathophysiology of osteoporosis is being generated. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence that proves the involvement of the SNS in bone metabolism and to outline some common osteoporotic diseases that occur under different circumstances. The adrenergic signaling pathway and its neurotransmitters are involved to various degrees of importance in the development of osteoporosis in postmenopause, as well as in spinal cord injury, depression, unloading and the complex regional pain syndrome. In addition, clinical and pharmacological studies have helped to increase the comprehension of the adrenergic signaling pathway. We try to individually examine the contributions of the SNS in osteoporotic diseases from a different perspective. It is our hope that a further understanding of the adrenergic signaling by the SNS will pave the way for conceptualizing optimal treatment regimens for osteoporosis in the near future.
随着世界人口的快速老龄化，骨骼健康问题变得更加突出和紧迫。骨骼重塑机制引起了骨骼研究协会的极大兴趣。同时，越来越多的临床和实验证据促使人们关注交感神经系统（SNS）在骨骼重塑中的关键作用。骨骼重塑被认为部分受到下丘脑的控制，这个过程是由肾上腺素能神经和神经递质介导的。目前，关于 SNS 在骨质疏松症的发生发展和病理生理学中的作用的新知识正在不断产生。本综述的目的是总结证明 SNS 参与骨代谢的证据，并概述在不同情况下发生的一些常见骨质疏松症。肾上腺素能信号通路及其神经递质在绝经后骨质疏松症、脊髓损伤、抑郁、去负荷和复杂区域疼痛综合征的发生发展中具有不同程度的重要性。此外，临床和药理学研究有助于增加对肾上腺素能信号通路的理解。我们试图从不同的角度单独检查 SNS 在骨质疏松症中的贡献。我们希望对 SNS 的肾上腺素能信号的进一步理解将为未来制定骨质疏松症的最佳治疗方案铺平道路。
