Health Analysis Division at Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6.
Health Rep. 2010 Dec;21(4):71-84.
To calculate total intake of a nutrient and estimate inadequate intake for a population, the amounts derived from food/beverages and from vitamin/mineral supplements must be combined. The two methods Statistics Canada has suggested present problems of interpretation.
Data collected from 34,386 respondents to the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition were used to compare four methods of combining nutrient intake from food/beverages and vitamin/mineral supplements: adding average intake from supplements to the 24-hour food/beverage recall and estimating the usual distribution in the population (Method 1); estimating usual individual intake from food? beverages and adding intake from supplements (Method 2); and dividing the population into supplement users and non-users and applying Method 1 or Method 2 and combining the estimates based on the percentages of users and non-users (Methods 3 and 4).
Interpretation problems arise with Methods 1 and 2; for example, the percentage of the population with inadequate intake of vitamin C and folate equivalents falls outside the expected minimum-maximum range. These interpretation problems are not observed with Methods 3 and 4.
Interpretation problems that may arise in combining food and supplement intake of a given nutrient are overcome if the population is divided into supplement users and non-users before Method 1 or Method 2 is applied.
为了计算营养素的总摄入量并评估人群中营养素摄入不足的情况，必须将食物/饮料和维生素/矿物质补充剂中的营养素摄入量结合起来。加拿大统计局提出的这两种方法在解释上存在问题。
使用 2004 年加拿大社区健康调查-营养调查中 34386 名受访者的数据，比较了将食物/饮料和维生素/矿物质补充剂中的营养素摄入量结合起来的四种方法：将补充剂的平均摄入量添加到 24 小时食物/饮料回顾和估计人群中通常的分布（方法 1）；从食物中估计个体的通常摄入量？饮料和添加补充剂的摄入量（方法 2）；并将人群分为补充剂使用者和非使用者，然后应用方法 1 或方法 2，并根据使用者和非使用者的百分比组合估计值（方法 3 和 4）。
方法 1 和 2 存在解释问题；例如，维生素 C 和叶酸当量摄入不足的人群百分比超出了预期的最小-最大范围。这些解释问题在方法 3 和 4 中没有观察到。
如果在应用方法 1 或方法 2 之前将人群分为补充剂使用者和非使用者，就可以避免组合特定营养素的食物和补充剂摄入量时可能出现的解释问题。
