DeVader Travis E, Albrecht Robert, Reiter Mark
Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA.
J Emerg Med. 2012 Nov;43(5):803-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2010.11.035. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
In 2006, nearly a quarter of a million patients either arrived dead or died in the Emergency Department (ED). The role of palliative care (PC) in the ED is not well defined, and education of medical students and residents in the area is sparse.
We use an illustrative case to discuss important concepts in PC for the emergency physician (EP). The reader should be able to define hospice and PC, recognize its importance in the practice of Emergency Medicine, and understand the benefits PC has for the patient, the patient's family and caregivers, and the health care system as a whole.
PC excels at treating pain and addressing end-of-life issues. Families and caregivers of patients benefit from PC in terms of improved personal quality of life after the patient's death. PC is more cost-effective than traditional medical care.
Research on PC in the ED is sparse but it is a growing need, and the EP will need to become proficient in the delivery of PC in the ED.
2006年，近25万名患者在抵达急诊科时已死亡或在急诊科死亡。姑息治疗（PC）在急诊科的作用尚未明确界定，且该领域医学生和住院医师的教育也很匮乏。
我们通过一个示例病例来讨论急诊医师（EP）在姑息治疗方面的重要概念。读者应能够定义临终关怀和姑息治疗，认识到其在急诊医学实践中的重要性，并理解姑息治疗对患者、患者家属及护理人员以及整个医疗保健系统的益处。
姑息治疗在治疗疼痛和解决临终问题方面表现出色。患者的家属和护理人员在患者去世后，个人生活质量得到改善，从而从姑息治疗中受益。姑息治疗比传统医疗护理更具成本效益。
关于急诊科姑息治疗的研究较少，但需求日益增长，急诊医师需要熟练掌握在急诊科提供姑息治疗的技能。
