Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2011 Jun;42(3):291-306. doi: 10.1007/s10578-011-0215-8.
The aim of the current study was to extend etiological models of social anxiety in youth by examining the relative importance of parental (i.e., parental anxiety, rejection, and overcontrol) and peer factors (i.e., social acceptance, social support, and friendship quality). Sixty-three youth (ages 7–12; 52% male) and their parents participated in the study. Using multiple informants of these factors, results generally indicated that higher levels of parental anxiety, rejection, and overcontrol were related to higher levels of social anxiety. Higher levels of social support, acceptance, and validation were associated with lower levels social anxiety. The strongest predictors of social anxiety symptoms (as rated by an independent evaluator) were parental anxiety and friendship quality (i.e., validation from a peer). The strongest predictors of child rated social anxiety symptoms were parental overcontrol and perceived social acceptance. Findings are discussed in the context of current etiological models and suggest that interventions aimed at lowering social anxiety in youth address both parental anxiety and peer relationships.
本研究旨在通过考察父母（即父母焦虑、拒绝和过度控制）和同伴因素（即社会接纳、社会支持和友谊质量）在青少年社交焦虑中的相对重要性，拓展社交焦虑的病因模型。63 名 7-12 岁的青少年（52%为男性）及其父母参与了本研究。使用这些因素的多个信息来源，结果普遍表明，父母焦虑、拒绝和过度控制程度越高，社交焦虑程度越高。较高的社会支持、接纳和认可与较低的社交焦虑水平相关。社交焦虑症状（由独立评估者评定）的最强预测因子是父母焦虑和友谊质量（即来自同伴的认可）。儿童评定的社交焦虑症状的最强预测因子是父母过度控制和感知到的社会接纳。研究结果在当前病因模型的背景下进行了讨论，并表明旨在降低青少年社交焦虑的干预措施应同时针对父母焦虑和同伴关系。
