Mitic Marija, Woodcock Kate A, Amering Michaela, Krammer Ina, Stiehl Katharina A M, Zehetmayer Sonja, Schrank Beate
D.O.T. Research Group for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents, Ludwig Boltzmann Society at Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems on the Danube, Austria.
Centre for Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2021 Feb 25;12:589403. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.589403. eCollection 2021.
Supportive peer relationships (SPR) are crucial for mental and physical health. Early adolescence is an especially important period in which peer influence and school environment strongly shape psychological development and maturation of core social-emotional regulatory functions. Yet, there is no integrated evidence based model of SPR in this age group to inform future research and practice. The current meta-analysis synthetizes evidence from 364 studies into an integrated model of potential determinants of SPR in early adolescence. The model encompasses links with 93 variables referring to individual (identity, skills/strengths, affect/well-being, and behavior/health) and environmental (peer group, school, family, community, and internet/technology) potential influences on SPR based on cross-sectional correlational data. Findings suggest the central importance of identity and social-emotional skills in SPR. School environment stands out as a compelling setting for future prevention programs. Finally, we underscore an alarming gap of research on the influence of the virtual and online environment on youth's social realm given its unquestionable importance as a globally expanding social interaction setting. Hence, we propose an integrated model that can serve as organizational framework, which may ultimately lead to the adoption of a more structured and integrated approach to understanding peer relationship processes in youth and contribute to overcoming marked fragmentation in the field.
支持性同伴关系（SPR）对身心健康至关重要。青春期早期是一个特别重要的时期，在此期间同伴影响和学校环境强烈塑造核心社会情感调节功能的心理发展和成熟。然而，在这个年龄组中，没有基于证据的综合SPR模型来为未来的研究和实践提供信息。当前的荟萃分析将来自364项研究的证据综合成一个青春期早期SPR潜在决定因素的综合模型。该模型包含与93个变量的联系，这些变量基于横断面相关数据，涉及个体（身份、技能/优势、情感/幸福感和行为/健康）以及环境（同伴群体、学校、家庭、社区和互联网/技术）对SPR的潜在影响。研究结果表明身份和社会情感技能在SPR中至关重要。学校环境作为未来预防项目的一个引人注目的背景脱颖而出。最后，鉴于虚拟和在线环境作为全球范围内不断扩展的社交互动背景具有毋庸置疑的重要性，我们强调在其对青少年社会领域影响方面的研究存在令人担忧的差距。因此，我们提出一个可以作为组织框架的综合模型，这最终可能导致采用更结构化和综合的方法来理解青少年的同伴关系过程，并有助于克服该领域明显的碎片化现象。
