Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Inj Prev. 2011 Feb;17 Suppl 1:i4-9. doi: 10.1136/ip.2010.026914.
This article describes the epidemiology of child pedestrian fatalities in British Columbia using data generated by the province's Child Death Review Unit, to demonstrate the unique capacity of child death review to provide an ecological understanding of child mortality and catalyse evidence based, multi-level prevention strategies.
All child pedestrian fatalities in British Columbia from 1 January 1 2003 to 31 December 2008 were reviewed. Data on demographics, circumstance of injury, and risk factors related to the child, driver, vehicle, and physical environment were extracted. Frequency of sociodemographic variables and modifiable risk factors were calculated, followed by statistical comparisons against the general population for Aboriginal ancestry, gender, ethnicity, income assistance and driver violations using z and t tests.
Analysis of child pedestrian fatalities (n=33) found a significant overrepresentation of Aboriginal children (p=0.06), males (p<0.01), and children within low income families (p<0.01). The majority of incidents occurred in residential areas (51.5%), with a speed limit of 50 kph or higher (85.7%). Risky pedestrian behaviour was a factor in 56.7% of cases, and 33% of children under 10 years of age were not under active supervision. Drivers had significantly more driving violations than the comparison population (p<0.01).
Child pedestrian fatalities are highly preventable through the modification of behavioural, social, and environmental risk factors. This paper illustrates the ability of child death review to generate an ecological understanding of injury epidemiology not otherwise available and advance policy and programme interventions designed to reduce preventable child mortality.
本文通过不列颠哥伦比亚省儿童死亡审查机构生成的数据，描述了不列颠哥伦比亚省儿童行人死亡的流行病学，以展示儿童死亡审查在提供对儿童死亡的生态理解以及促进基于证据的多层次预防策略方面的独特能力。
对 2003 年 1 月 1 日至 2008 年 12 月 31 日期间不列颠哥伦比亚省所有儿童行人死亡事件进行了审查。提取了与儿童、驾驶员、车辆和物理环境相关的人口统计学、受伤情况和风险因素的数据。计算了社会人口统计学变量和可修改风险因素的频率，然后使用 z 检验和 t 检验对原住民血统、性别、族裔、收入援助和驾驶员违规等方面与一般人群进行了统计比较。
对儿童行人死亡（n=33）的分析发现，原住民儿童（p=0.06）、男性（p<0.01）和低收入家庭的儿童（p<0.01）的比例显著偏高。大多数事故发生在住宅区（51.5%），限速为 50 公里/小时或更高（85.7%）。危险的行人行为是 56.7%案例中的一个因素，33%的 10 岁以下儿童没有受到积极监督。驾驶员的违规行为明显多于对照人群（p<0.01）。
通过修改行为、社会和环境风险因素，儿童行人死亡是高度可预防的。本文说明了儿童死亡审查在生成无法从其他途径获得的伤害流行病学生态理解方面的能力，并推动了旨在减少可预防儿童死亡的政策和方案干预措施。
