Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2011 Dec;58(6):560-9. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31820eb7a1.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter produced in mammalian cells. It is responsible for physiological functions in many organs and systems, with attention focused mainly on the cardiovascular and nervous systems. In the vascular system, H2S produces biphasic effects in regulation of vascular tone. At lower concentrations, it induces vasoconstriction predominantly via decreasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate in smooth muscle cell and inhibiting the production and bioavailability of nitric oxide. At higher concentrations, it produces vasorelaxation mainly through opening of KATP channels and induction of intracellular acidification. Scavenging reactive oxygen species and elevation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate are also implicated in the vasorelaxant response. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge of H2S in the vascular system, with special emphasis and discussion on the involvement of various signaling pathways and ion channels based on current understanding and reported literature till date.
硫化氢（H2S）是哺乳动物细胞内产生的内源性气体递质。它在许多器官和系统中发挥着生理功能，主要集中在心血管和神经系统。在血管系统中，H2S 对血管张力的调节产生双相作用。在较低浓度下，它主要通过减少平滑肌细胞中环磷酸腺苷的产生和抑制一氧化氮的产生和生物利用度来引起血管收缩。在较高浓度下，它主要通过打开 KATP 通道和诱导细胞内酸化来产生血管舒张。清除活性氧和提高环鸟苷酸也与血管舒张反应有关。本综述介绍了 H2S 在血管系统中的最新知识，特别强调并讨论了根据目前的理解和迄今为止的报告文献，各种信号通路和离子通道的参与情况。
