Department of Psychology, Ohio University, 45701, Athens, Ohio.
Mem Cognit. 1976 Sep;4(5):483-9. doi: 10.3758/BF03213208.
One hundred and twenty-eight subjects tried to recall 20 simple sentences that for some subjects were presented in two different voices or were presented from two loudspeakers on different sides of the room. In addition, some subjects were instructed to remember not only the sentences, but also their voice and location attributes. Intentional instructions for location resulted in poorer recall of the sentences, but intentional instructions for voice did not. The voice attribute seemed to be automatically coded under both intentional and incidental instructions for remembering the attribute, whereas the location attribute seemed to require cognitive processing in addition to that required for encoding the meaning of the sentence. A test for clustering by voice in recall was done to determine if the evidence for automatic ceding of voice was merely an artifact resulting from better recall because of organization. However, no clustering was found. The ideas that speaker's voice and sentence meaning were processed in parallel by different hemispheres of the brain and that the connotation of the voice influenced the meaning of each sentence were offered as two possible explanations of the results.
128 名受试者试图回忆 20 个简单的句子，对于一些受试者，这些句子以两种不同的声音呈现，或者从房间两侧的两个扬声器呈现。此外，一些受试者被指示不仅要记住句子，还要记住它们的声音和位置属性。对于位置的有意指示导致句子的回忆较差，但对于声音的有意指示则没有。在有意和无意地指示记住属性时，声音属性似乎会自动编码，而位置属性似乎除了需要对句子的含义进行编码外，还需要认知处理。通过回忆中的声音聚类测试，以确定自动放弃声音的证据是否仅仅是由于更好的组织而导致更好回忆的结果。但是，没有发现聚类。提出了以下两种可能的解释：说话者的声音和句子的含义是由大脑的不同半球平行处理的，声音的内涵影响了每个句子的含义。
