Pettit William J, Whelan Peter I, McDonnell Joseph, Jacups Susan P
Medical Entomology, Centre for Disease Control, Department of Health and Families, PO Box 40596, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2010 Dec;26(4):387-97. doi: 10.2987/09-5962.1.
The efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin (Cyperthor) and lambda-cyhalothrin (Demand) to prevent mosquito larval colonization of water-containing receptacles was investigated using 2 differing applications in disused car tires in Darwin, Australia. Insecticide treatments were applied uniformly to the inside surfaces of 2 categories of tires: 1) dry tires that were partially filled with water 24 h after spraying and 2) wet tires partially filled with water prior to spraying. All mosquito larvae, pupae, and dead adults were collected from the treatment and control tires weekly over the 24-wk study period and were later identified to species in the laboratory. Control tires were colonized by Aedes notoscriptus in wk 2 and by Culex quinquefasciatus in wk 4. Aedes notoscriptus failed to colonize any alpha-cypermethrin-treated tires until wk 22 and did not colonize any lambda-cyhalothrin-treated tires during the 24-wk trial. Culex quinquefasciatus colonized alpha-cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin-treated tires from wk 11 and wk 15, respectively. These results indicate both insecticides using either application method can prevent colonization of Ae. notoscriptus for at least 20 wk and demonstrate great potential for the prevention of breeding in receptacles for other receptacle-breeding Aedes species, such as the dengue vectors, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.
在澳大利亚达尔文市，使用两种不同的施药方式，对废弃汽车轮胎中α-氯氰菊酯（赛虫威）和高效氯氟氰菊酯（敌杀死）预防蚊虫在盛水容器中孳生的效果进行了研究。将杀虫剂处理均匀地施用于两类轮胎的内表面：1）喷洒后24小时部分注水的干轮胎；2）喷洒前部分注水的湿轮胎。在为期24周的研究期间，每周从处理组和对照组轮胎中收集所有蚊虫幼虫、蛹和死亡成虫，随后在实验室鉴定到物种。对照组轮胎在第2周被致倦库蚊定殖，在第4周被致乏库蚊定殖。直到第22周，致倦库蚊才在任何α-氯氰菊酯处理过的轮胎中定殖，在为期24周的试验期间，未在任何高效氯氟氰菊酯处理过的轮胎中定殖。致乏库蚊分别在第11周和第15周在α-氯氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯处理过的轮胎中定殖。这些结果表明，两种杀虫剂采用任何一种施药方式都能至少20周阻止致倦库蚊定殖，并显示出在预防其他容器孳生的伊蚊物种（如登革热媒介埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊）在容器中繁殖方面具有巨大潜力。
