Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Semin Immunol. 2011 Apr;23(2):146-53. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2011.01.010. Epub 2011 Feb 3.
The mammalian alimentary tract harbors hundreds of bacterial species that constitute the indigenous microbial flora. The indigenous microbial flora has long been appreciated for its role in host immune system development. Recent reports suggest that components of the microbial flora differentially affect the proportion and number of functionally distinct subsets of T cells in the intestine. Substantial changes in the composition of the microbiota are associated with inflammatory bowel disease. This review will discuss the importance of individual species of microbial flora in the induction of T cell subsets, particularly Th17 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells in the intestine.
哺乳动物的消化道中栖息着数百种细菌，它们构成了本土微生物菌群。长期以来，本土微生物菌群在宿主免疫系统发育中的作用一直受到重视。最近的报告表明，微生物菌群的成分会差异影响肠道中功能不同的 T 细胞亚群的比例和数量。微生物群落组成的大量变化与炎症性肠病有关。本文将讨论微生物群落中个别物种在诱导肠道中 T 细胞亚群（特别是 Th17 细胞和调节性 T（Treg）细胞）中的重要性。
