Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Compr Psychiatry. 2011 Mar-Apr;52(2):218-24. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.05.010.
Resilience refers to psychological characteristics that promote effective coping and positive adaptation in adversity. This study investigated the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) among adolescents.
A total of 2914 Chinese adolescents living in Chengdu, Sichuan, completed the CD-RISC 1 month after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. They also self-administered the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Children's Depression Inventory, and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders. With confirmatory factor analysis, various factor structures of the CD-RISC reported in previous studies (eg, the 5- and 3-factor models) were examined at the first-order level; and a single factor of resilience was investigated at the second-order level in this sample. The internal consistency and concurrent validity were investigated. Sex and age differences were also examined.
Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the 5-factor model originally derived among US community adults was replicated in our sample, and these 5 factors also loaded on a higher-order "resilience" factor. The Cronbach α coefficient was 0.89. The resilience scores demonstrated expected positive correlation with social support (r = 0.44) and negative correlations with depression (r = -0.38) and anxiety (r = -0.25) (Ps < .001). Male participants reported higher resilience scores than female participants, and younger participants also reported higher resilience scores than older participants.
The Chinese version of the CD-RISC was demonstrated to be a reliable and valid measurement in assessing resilience among Chinese adolescents.
韧性是指促进在逆境中有效应对和积极适应的心理特征。本研究调查了中文版康纳-戴维森韧性量表（CD-RISC）在青少年中的因素结构和心理测量特性。
共有 2914 名居住在四川成都的中国青少年在 2008 年四川地震后 1 个月完成了 CD-RISC。他们还自行完成了多维感知社会支持量表、儿童抑郁量表和儿童焦虑相关情绪障碍筛查。通过验证性因子分析，检验了先前研究报告的 CD-RISC 的各种因素结构（例如，5 因素和 3 因素模型）在一阶水平；在本样本中，还研究了韧性的单一因素在二阶水平上的情况。考察了内部一致性和同时效度。还考察了性别和年龄差异。
验证性因子分析结果表明，最初在美国社区成年人中得出的 5 因素模型在我们的样本中得到了复制，这 5 个因素也加载在一个更高阶的“韧性”因素上。Cronbach α 系数为 0.89。韧性得分与社会支持呈正相关（r = 0.44），与抑郁（r = -0.38）和焦虑（r = -0.25）呈负相关（均 P <.001）。男性参与者的韧性评分高于女性参与者，年轻参与者的韧性评分也高于年长参与者。
中文版 CD-RISC 被证明是一种可靠有效的评估中国青少年韧性的测量工具。
